193 lines
8.5 KiB
Markdown
193 lines
8.5 KiB
Markdown
# Installation
|
||
|
||
**TL;DR:** Download the
|
||
[latest release archive](https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin/releases/latest)
|
||
and extract it in your web hosts folder where you want to install your PrivateBin
|
||
instance. We try to provide a mostly safe default configuration, but we urge you to
|
||
check the [security section](#hardening-and-security) below and the [configuration
|
||
options](#configuration) to adjust as you see fit.
|
||
|
||
**NOTE:** See [our FAQ](https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin/wiki/FAQ#how-can-i-securely-clonedownload-your-project) for information how to securely download the PrivateBin release files.
|
||
|
||
### Minimal requirements
|
||
|
||
- PHP version 5.5 or above
|
||
- _one_ of the following sources of cryptographically safe randomness is required:
|
||
- PHP 7 or higher
|
||
- [Libsodium](https://download.libsodium.org/libsodium/content/installation/) and it's [PHP extension](https://paragonie.com/book/pecl-libsodium/read/00-intro.md#installing-libsodium)
|
||
- open_basedir access to `/dev/urandom`
|
||
- mcrypt extension
|
||
- com_dotnet extension
|
||
|
||
Mcrypt needs to be able to access `/dev/urandom`. This means if `open_basedir` is set, it must include this file.
|
||
- GD extension
|
||
- some disk space or (optionally) a database supported by [PDO](https://secure.php.net/manual/book.pdo.php)
|
||
- ability to create files and folders in the installation directory and the PATH defined in index.php
|
||
- A web browser with javascript support
|
||
|
||
## Hardening and security
|
||
|
||
### Changing the path
|
||
|
||
In the index.php you can define a different `PATH`. This is useful to secure your
|
||
installation. You can move the configuration, data files, templates and PHP
|
||
libraries (directories cfg, doc, data, lib, tpl, tst and vendor) outside of your
|
||
document root. This new location must still be accessible to your webserver / PHP
|
||
process (see also
|
||
[open_basedir setting](https://secure.php.net/manual/en/ini.core.php#ini.open-basedir)).
|
||
|
||
> #### PATH Example
|
||
> Your PrivateBin installation lives in a subfolder called "paste" inside of
|
||
> your document root. The URL looks like this:
|
||
> http://example.com/paste/
|
||
>
|
||
> The full path of PrivateBin on your webserver is:
|
||
> /home/example.com/htdocs/paste
|
||
>
|
||
> When setting the path like this:
|
||
> define('PATH', '../../secret/privatebin/');
|
||
>
|
||
> PrivateBin will look for your includes / data here:
|
||
> /home/example.com/secret/privatebin
|
||
|
||
### Changing the config path only
|
||
|
||
In situations where you want to keep the PrivateBin static files separate from the
|
||
rest of your data, or you want to reuse the installation files on multiple vhosts,
|
||
you may only want to change the `conf.php`. In this instance, you can set the
|
||
`CONFIG_PATH` environment variable to the absolute path to the `conf.php` file.
|
||
This can be done in your web server's virtual host config, the PHP config, or in
|
||
the index.php if you choose to customize it.
|
||
|
||
Note that your PHP process will need read access to the config wherever it may be.
|
||
|
||
> #### CONFIG_PATH example
|
||
> Setting the value in an Apache Vhost:
|
||
> SetEnv CONFIG_PATH /var/lib/privatebin/conf.php
|
||
>
|
||
> In a php-fpm pool config:
|
||
> env[CONFIG_PATH] = /var/lib/privatebin/conf.php
|
||
>
|
||
> In the index.php, near the top:
|
||
> putenv('CONFIG_PATH=/var/lib/privatebin/conf.php');
|
||
|
||
### Transport security
|
||
|
||
When setting up PrivateBin, also set up HTTPS, if you haven't already. Without HTTPS
|
||
PrivateBin is not secure, as the javascript files could be manipulated during transmission.
|
||
For more information on this, see our [FAQ entry on HTTPS setup](https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin/wiki/FAQ#how-should-i-setup-https).
|
||
|
||
### File-level permissions
|
||
|
||
After completing the installation, you should make sure, other users on the system cannot read the config file or the `data/` directory, as – depending on your configuration – potential secret information are saved there.
|
||
|
||
See [this FAQ item](https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin/wiki/FAQ#what-are-the-recommended-file-and-folder-permissions-for-privatebin) for a detailed guide on how to "harden" the permissions of files and folders.
|
||
|
||
## Configuration
|
||
|
||
In the file `cfg/conf.php` you can configure PrivateBin. A `cfg/conf.sample.php`
|
||
is provided containing all options and default values. You can copy it to
|
||
`cfg/conf.php` and adapt it as needed. Alternatively you can copy it anywhere and
|
||
set the `CONFIG_PATH` environment variable (see above notes). The config file is
|
||
divided into multiple sections, which are enclosed in square brackets.
|
||
|
||
In the `[main]` section you can enable or disable the discussion feature, set
|
||
the limit of stored pastes and comments in bytes. The `[traffic]` section lets
|
||
you set a time limit in seconds. Users may not post more often then this limit
|
||
to your PrivateBin installation.
|
||
|
||
More details can be found in the
|
||
[configuration documentation](https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin/wiki/Configuration).
|
||
|
||
## Advanced installation
|
||
|
||
### Web server configuration
|
||
|
||
A `robots.txt` file is provided in the root dir of PrivateBin. It disallows all
|
||
robots from accessing your pastes. It is recommend to place it into the root of
|
||
your web directory if you have installed PrivateBin in a subdirectory. Make sure
|
||
to adjust it, so that the file paths match your installation. Of course also
|
||
adjust the file if you already use a `robots.txt`.
|
||
|
||
A `.htaccess.disabled` file is provided in the root dir of PrivateBin. It blocks
|
||
some known robots and link-scanning bots. If you use Apache, you can rename the
|
||
file to `.htaccess` to enable this feature. If you use another webserver, you
|
||
have to configure it manually to do the same.
|
||
|
||
### When using Cloudflare
|
||
|
||
If you want to use PrivateBin behind Cloudflare, make sure you have disabled the Rocket
|
||
loader and unchecked "Javascript" for Auto Minify, found in your domain settings,
|
||
under "Speed". (More information
|
||
[in this FAQ entry](https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin/wiki/FAQ#user-content-how-to-make-privatebin-work-when-using-cloudflare-for-ddos-protection))
|
||
|
||
### Using a database instead of flat files
|
||
|
||
In the configuration file the `[model]` and `[model_options]` sections let you
|
||
configure your favourite way of storing the pastes and discussions on your
|
||
server.
|
||
|
||
`Filesystem` is the default model, which stores everything in files in the
|
||
data folder. This is the recommended setup for most sites.
|
||
|
||
Under high load, in distributed setups or if you are not allowed to store files
|
||
locally, you might want to switch to the `Database` model. This lets you
|
||
store your data in a database. Basically all databases that are supported by
|
||
[PDO](https://secure.php.net/manual/en/book.pdo.php) may be used. Automatic table
|
||
creation is provided for `pdo_ibm`, `pdo_informix`, `pdo_mssql`, `pdo_mysql`,
|
||
`pdo_oci`, `pdo_pgsql` and `pdo_sqlite`. You may want to provide a table prefix,
|
||
if you have to share the PrivateBin database with another application or you want
|
||
to use a prefix for
|
||
[security reasons](https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/119510/is-using-a-db-prefix-for-tables-more-secure).
|
||
The table prefix option is called `tbl`.
|
||
|
||
> #### Note
|
||
> The `Database` model has only been tested with SQLite, MySQL and PostgreSQL,
|
||
> although it would not be recommended to use SQLite in a production environment.
|
||
> If you gain any experience running PrivateBin on other RDBMS, please let us
|
||
> know.
|
||
|
||
The following GRANTs (privileges) are required for the PrivateBin user in **MySQL**. In normal operation:
|
||
- INSERT, SELECT, DELETE on the paste and comment tables
|
||
- SELECT on the config table
|
||
|
||
If you want PrivateBin to handle table creation (when you create the first paste) and updates (after you update PrivateBin to a new release), you need to give the user these additional privileges:
|
||
- CREATE, INDEX and ALTER on the database
|
||
- INSERT and UPDATE on the config table
|
||
|
||
For reference or if you want to create the table schema for yourself to avoid having to give PrivateBin too many permissions (replace
|
||
`prefix_` with your own table prefix and create the table schema with your favourite MySQL console):
|
||
|
||
```sql
|
||
CREATE TABLE prefix_paste (
|
||
dataid CHAR(16) NOT NULL,
|
||
data MEDIUMBLOB,
|
||
postdate INT,
|
||
expiredate INT,
|
||
opendiscussion INT,
|
||
burnafterreading INT,
|
||
meta TEXT,
|
||
attachment MEDIUMBLOB,
|
||
attachmentname BLOB,
|
||
PRIMARY KEY (dataid)
|
||
);
|
||
|
||
CREATE TABLE prefix_comment (
|
||
dataid CHAR(16),
|
||
pasteid CHAR(16),
|
||
parentid CHAR(16),
|
||
data BLOB,
|
||
nickname BLOB,
|
||
vizhash BLOB,
|
||
postdate INT,
|
||
PRIMARY KEY (dataid)
|
||
);
|
||
CREATE INDEX parent ON prefix_comment(pasteid);
|
||
|
||
CREATE TABLE prefix_config (
|
||
id CHAR(16) NOT NULL, value TEXT, PRIMARY KEY (id)
|
||
);
|
||
INSERT INTO prefix_config VALUES('VERSION', '1.3.4');
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
In **PostgreSQL**, the data, attachment, nickname and vizhash columns needs to be TEXT and not BLOB or MEDIUMBLOB.
|