// Copyright (C) 2011 Milo Yip
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
// in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
// to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
// copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
// THE SOFTWARE.

#ifndef RAPIDJSON_ENCODEDSTREAM_H_
#define RAPIDJSON_ENCODEDSTREAM_H_

#include "rapidjson.h"

#ifdef __GNUC__
RAPIDJSON_DIAG_PUSH
RAPIDJSON_DIAG_OFF(effc++)
#endif

namespace rapidjson {

//! Input byte stream wrapper with a statically bound encoding.
/*!
    \tparam Encoding The interpretation of encoding of the stream. Either UTF8, UTF16LE, UTF16BE, UTF32LE, UTF32BE.
    \tparam InputByteStream Type of input byte stream. For example, FileReadStream.
*/
template <typename Encoding, typename InputByteStream>
class EncodedInputStream {
    RAPIDJSON_STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(typename InputByteStream::Ch) == 1);
public:
    typedef typename Encoding::Ch Ch;

    EncodedInputStream(InputByteStream& is) : is_(is) { 
        current_ = Encoding::TakeBOM(is_);
    }

    Ch Peek() const { return current_; }
    Ch Take() { Ch c = current_; current_ = Encoding::Take(is_); return c; }
    size_t Tell() const { return is_.Tell(); }

    // Not implemented
    void Put(Ch) { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false); }
    void Flush() { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false); } 
    Ch* PutBegin() { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false); return 0; }
    size_t PutEnd(Ch*) { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false); return 0; }

private:
    EncodedInputStream(const EncodedInputStream&);
    EncodedInputStream& operator=(const EncodedInputStream&);

    InputByteStream& is_;
    Ch current_;
};

//! Output byte stream wrapper with statically bound encoding.
/*!
    \tparam Encoding The interpretation of encoding of the stream. Either UTF8, UTF16LE, UTF16BE, UTF32LE, UTF32BE.
    \tparam InputByteStream Type of input byte stream. For example, FileWriteStream.
*/
template <typename Encoding, typename OutputByteStream>
class EncodedOutputStream {
    RAPIDJSON_STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(typename OutputByteStream::Ch) == 1);
public:
    typedef typename Encoding::Ch Ch;

    EncodedOutputStream(OutputByteStream& os, bool putBOM = true) : os_(os) { 
        if (putBOM)
            Encoding::PutBOM(os_);
    }

    void Put(Ch c) { Encoding::Put(os_, c);  }
    void Flush() { os_.Flush(); }

    // Not implemented
    Ch Peek() const { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false); }
    Ch Take() { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false);  }
    size_t Tell() const { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false);  return 0; }
    Ch* PutBegin() { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false); return 0; }
    size_t PutEnd(Ch*) { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false); return 0; }

private:
    EncodedOutputStream(const EncodedOutputStream&);
    EncodedOutputStream& operator=(const EncodedOutputStream&);

    OutputByteStream& os_;
};

#define RAPIDJSON_ENCODINGS_FUNC(x) UTF8<Ch>::x, UTF16LE<Ch>::x, UTF16BE<Ch>::x, UTF32LE<Ch>::x, UTF32BE<Ch>::x

//! Input stream wrapper with dynamically bound encoding and automatic encoding detection.
/*!
    \tparam CharType Type of character for reading.
    \tparam InputByteStream type of input byte stream to be wrapped.
*/
template <typename CharType, typename InputByteStream>
class AutoUTFInputStream {
    RAPIDJSON_STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(typename InputByteStream::Ch) == 1);
public:
    typedef CharType Ch;

    //! Constructor.
    /*!
        \param is input stream to be wrapped.
        \param type UTF encoding type if it is not detected from the stream.
    */
    AutoUTFInputStream(InputByteStream& is, UTFType type = kUTF8) : is_(&is), type_(type), hasBOM_(false) {
        DetectType();
        static const TakeFunc f[] = { RAPIDJSON_ENCODINGS_FUNC(Take) };
        takeFunc_ = f[type_];
        current_ = takeFunc_(*is_);
    }

    UTFType GetType() const { return type_; }
    bool HasBOM() const { return hasBOM_; }

    Ch Peek() const { return current_; }
    Ch Take() { Ch c = current_; current_ = takeFunc_(*is_); return c; }
    size_t Tell() const { return is_->Tell(); }

    // Not implemented
    void Put(Ch) { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false); }
    void Flush() { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false); } 
    Ch* PutBegin() { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false); return 0; }
    size_t PutEnd(Ch*) { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false); return 0; }

private:
    AutoUTFInputStream(const AutoUTFInputStream&);
    AutoUTFInputStream& operator=(const AutoUTFInputStream&);

    // Detect encoding type with BOM or RFC 4627
    void DetectType() {
        // BOM (Byte Order Mark):
        // 00 00 FE FF  UTF-32BE
        // FF FE 00 00  UTF-32LE
        // FE FF        UTF-16BE
        // FF FE        UTF-16LE
        // EF BB BF     UTF-8

        const unsigned char* c = (const unsigned char *)is_->Peek4();
        if (!c)
            return;

        unsigned bom = c[0] | (c[1] << 8) | (c[2] << 16) | (c[3] << 24);
        hasBOM_ = false;
        if (bom == 0xFFFE0000)                  { type_ = kUTF32BE; hasBOM_ = true; is_->Take(); is_->Take(); is_->Take(); is_->Take(); }
        else if (bom == 0x0000FEFF)             { type_ = kUTF32LE; hasBOM_ = true; is_->Take(); is_->Take(); is_->Take(); is_->Take(); }
        else if ((bom & 0xFFFF) == 0xFFFE)      { type_ = kUTF16BE; hasBOM_ = true; is_->Take(); is_->Take();                           }
        else if ((bom & 0xFFFF) == 0xFEFF)      { type_ = kUTF16LE; hasBOM_ = true; is_->Take(); is_->Take();                           }
        else if ((bom & 0xFFFFFF) == 0xBFBBEF)  { type_ = kUTF8;    hasBOM_ = true; is_->Take(); is_->Take(); is_->Take();              }

        // RFC 4627: Section 3
        // "Since the first two characters of a JSON text will always be ASCII
        // characters [RFC0020], it is possible to determine whether an octet
        // stream is UTF-8, UTF-16 (BE or LE), or UTF-32 (BE or LE) by looking
        // at the pattern of nulls in the first four octets."
        // 00 00 00 xx  UTF-32BE
        // 00 xx 00 xx  UTF-16BE
        // xx 00 00 00  UTF-32LE
        // xx 00 xx 00  UTF-16LE
        // xx xx xx xx  UTF-8

        if (!hasBOM_) {
            unsigned pattern = (c[0] ? 1 : 0) | (c[1] ? 2 : 0) | (c[2] ? 4 : 0) | (c[3] ? 8 : 0);
            switch (pattern) {
            case 0x08: type_ = kUTF32BE; break;
            case 0x0A: type_ = kUTF16BE; break;
            case 0x01: type_ = kUTF32LE; break;
            case 0x05: type_ = kUTF16LE; break;
            case 0x0F: type_ = kUTF8;    break;
            default: break; // Use type defined by user.
            }
        }

        // Runtime check whether the size of character type is sufficient. It only perform checks with assertion.
        switch (type_) {
        case kUTF8:
            // Do nothing
            break;
        case kUTF16LE:
        case kUTF16BE:
            RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(sizeof(Ch) >= 2);
            break;
        case kUTF32LE:
        case kUTF32BE:
            RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(sizeof(Ch) >= 4);
            break;
        default:
            RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false);    // Invalid type
        }
    }

    typedef Ch (*TakeFunc)(InputByteStream& is);
    InputByteStream* is_;
    UTFType type_;
    Ch current_;
    TakeFunc takeFunc_;
    bool hasBOM_;
};

//! Output stream wrapper with dynamically bound encoding and automatic encoding detection.
/*!
    \tparam CharType Type of character for writing.
    \tparam InputByteStream type of output byte stream to be wrapped.
*/
template <typename CharType, typename OutputByteStream>
class AutoUTFOutputStream {
    RAPIDJSON_STATIC_ASSERT(sizeof(typename OutputByteStream::Ch) == 1);
public:
    typedef CharType Ch;

    //! Constructor.
    /*!
        \param os output stream to be wrapped.
        \param type UTF encoding type.
        \param putBOM Whether to write BOM at the beginning of the stream.
    */
    AutoUTFOutputStream(OutputByteStream& os, UTFType type, bool putBOM) : os_(&os), type_(type) {
        // RUntime check whether the size of character type is sufficient. It only perform checks with assertion.
        switch (type_) {
        case kUTF16LE:
        case kUTF16BE:
            RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(sizeof(Ch) >= 2);
            break;
        case kUTF32LE:
        case kUTF32BE:
            RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(sizeof(Ch) >= 4);
            break;
        case kUTF8:
            // Do nothing
            break;
        default:
            RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false);    // Invalid UTFType
        }

        static const PutFunc f[] = { RAPIDJSON_ENCODINGS_FUNC(Put) };
        putFunc_ = f[type_];

        if (putBOM)
            PutBOM();
    }

    UTFType GetType() const { return type_; }

    void Put(Ch c) { putFunc_(*os_, c); }
    void Flush() { os_->Flush(); } 

    // Not implemented
    Ch Peek() const { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false); }
    Ch Take() { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false); }
    size_t Tell() const { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false); return 0; }
    Ch* PutBegin() { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false); return 0; }
    size_t PutEnd(Ch*) { RAPIDJSON_ASSERT(false); return 0; }

private:
    AutoUTFOutputStream(const AutoUTFOutputStream&);
    AutoUTFOutputStream& operator=(const AutoUTFOutputStream&);

    void PutBOM() { 
        typedef void (*PutBOMFunc)(OutputByteStream&);
        static const PutBOMFunc f[] = { RAPIDJSON_ENCODINGS_FUNC(PutBOM) };
        f[type_](*os_);
    }

    typedef void (*PutFunc)(OutputByteStream&, Ch);

    OutputByteStream* os_;
    UTFType type_;
    PutFunc putFunc_;
};

#undef RAPIDJSON_ENCODINGS_FUNC

} // namespace rapidjson

#ifdef __GNUC__
RAPIDJSON_DIAG_POP
#endif

#endif // RAPIDJSON_FILESTREAM_H_