The fee will vary based on the base reward and the current
block size limit:
fee = (R/R0) * (M0/M) * F0
R: base reward
R0: reference base reward (10 monero)
M: block size limit
M0: minimum block size limit (60000)
F0: 0.002 monero
Starts applying at v4
The whole rct data apart from the MLSAGs is now included in
the signed message, to avoid malleability issues.
Instead of passing the data that's not serialized as extra
parameters to the verification API, the transaction is modified
to fill all that information. This means the transaction can
not be const anymore, but it cleaner in other ways.
This allows appropriate action to be taken, like displaying
the reason to the user.
Do just that in simplewallet, which should help a lot in
determining why users fail to send.
Also make it so a tx which is accepted but not relayed is
seen as a success rather than a failure.
tx_pool.h doxygen documentation completed.
Many notes made on areas for improvement, be that functionality or
code clarity.
Commented code and unused code removed.
This is intended to avoid cases where a timed out tx will be
re-relayed by another peer for which it has not timed out yet,
which would cause the tx to stay in the network's pool for a
long time (until all peers time it out before another one
tries to relay it again).
The last relayed time of a transaction is maintained, and
transactions will be relayed again if they are still in the
pool after a certain amount of time, which increases with
the transaction's age. All such transactions are resent,
whether or not they originated on the local node.
Bockchain:
1. Optim: Multi-thread long-hash computation when encountering groups of blocks.
2. Optim: Cache verified txs and return result from cache instead of re-checking whenever possible.
3. Optim: Preload output-keys when encoutering groups of blocks. Sort by amount and global-index before bulk querying database and multi-thread when possible.
4. Optim: Disable double spend check on block verification, double spend is already detected when trying to add blocks.
5. Optim: Multi-thread signature computation whenever possible.
6. Patch: Disable locking (recursive mutex) on called functions from check_tx_inputs which causes slowdowns (only seems to happen on ubuntu/VMs??? Reason: TBD)
7. Optim: Removed looped full-tx hash computation when retrieving transactions from pool (???).
8. Optim: Cache difficulty/timestamps (735 blocks) for next-difficulty calculations so that only 2 db reads per new block is needed when a new block arrives (instead of 1470 reads).
Berkeley-DB:
1. Fix: 32-bit data errors causing wrong output global indices and failure to send blocks to peers (etc).
2. Fix: Unable to pop blocks on reorganize due to transaction errors.
3. Patch: Large number of transaction aborts when running multi-threaded bulk queries.
4. Patch: Insufficient locks error when running full sync.
5. Patch: Incorrect db stats when returning from an immediate exit from "pop block" operation.
6. Optim: Add bulk queries to get output global indices.
7. Optim: Modified output_keys table to store public_key+unlock_time+height for single transaction lookup (vs 3)
8. Optim: Used output_keys table retrieve public_keys instead of going through output_amounts->output_txs+output_indices->txs->output:public_key
9. Optim: Added thread-safe buffers used when multi-threading bulk queries.
10. Optim: Added support for nosync/write_nosync options for improved performance (*see --db-sync-mode option for details)
11. Mod: Added checkpoint thread and auto-remove-logs option.
12. *Now usable on 32-bit systems like RPI2.
LMDB:
1. Optim: Added custom comparison for 256-bit key tables (minor speed-up, TBD: get actual effect)
2. Optim: Modified output_keys table to store public_key+unlock_time+height for single transaction lookup (vs 3)
3. Optim: Used output_keys table retrieve public_keys instead of going through output_amounts->output_txs+output_indices->txs->output:public_key
4. Optim: Added support for sync/writemap options for improved performance (*see --db-sync-mode option for details)
5. Mod: Auto resize to +1GB instead of multiplier x1.5
ETC:
1. Minor optimizations for slow-hash for ARM (RPI2). Incomplete.
2. Fix: 32-bit saturation bug when computing next difficulty on large blocks.
[PENDING ISSUES]
1. Berkely db has a very slow "pop-block" operation. This is very noticeable on the RPI2 as it sometimes takes > 10 MINUTES to pop a block during reorganization.
This does not happen very often however, most reorgs seem to take a few seconds but it possibly depends on the number of outputs present. TBD.
2. Berkeley db, possible bug "unable to allocate memory". TBD.
[NEW OPTIONS] (*Currently all enabled for testing purposes)
1. --fast-block-sync arg=[0:1] (default: 1)
a. 0 = Compute long hash per block (may take a while depending on CPU)
b. 1 = Skip long-hash and verify blocks based on embedded known good block hashes (faster, minimal CPU dependence)
2. --db-sync-mode arg=[[safe|fast|fastest]:[sync|async]:[nblocks_per_sync]] (default: fastest:async:1000)
a. safe = fdatasync/fsync (or equivalent) per stored block. Very slow, but safest option to protect against power-out/crash conditions.
b. fast/fastest = Enables asynchronous fdatasync/fsync (or equivalent). Useful for battery operated devices or STABLE systems with UPS and/or systems with battery backed write cache/solid state cache.
Fast - Write meta-data but defer data flush.
Fastest - Defer meta-data and data flush.
Sync - Flush data after nblocks_per_sync and wait.
Async - Flush data after nblocks_per_sync but do not wait for the operation to finish.
3. --prep-blocks-threads arg=[n] (default: 4 or system max threads, whichever is lower)
Max number of threads to use when computing long-hash in groups.
4. --show-time-stats arg=[0:1] (default: 1)
Show benchmark related time stats.
5. --db-auto-remove-logs arg=[0:1] (default: 1)
For berkeley-db only. Auto remove logs if enabled.
**Note: lmdb and berkeley-db have changes to the tables and are not compatible with official git head version.
At the moment, you need a full resync to use this optimized version.
[PERFORMANCE COMPARISON]
**Some figures are approximations only.
Using a baseline machine of an i7-2600K+SSD+(with full pow computation):
1. The optimized lmdb/blockhain core can process blocks up to 585K for ~1.25 hours + download time, so it usually takes 2.5 hours to sync the full chain.
2. The current head with memory can process blocks up to 585K for ~4.2 hours + download time, so it usually takes 5.5 hours to sync the full chain.
3. The current head with lmdb can process blocks up to 585K for ~32 hours + download time and usually takes 36 hours to sync the full chain.
Averate procesing times (with full pow computation):
lmdb-optimized:
1. tx_ave = 2.5 ms / tx
2. block_ave = 5.87 ms / block
memory-official-repo:
1. tx_ave = 8.85 ms / tx
2. block_ave = 19.68 ms / block
lmdb-official-repo (0f4a036437)
1. tx_ave = 47.8 ms / tx
2. block_ave = 64.2 ms / block
**Note: The following data denotes processing times only (does not include p2p download time)
lmdb-optimized processing times (with full pow computation):
1. Desktop, Quad-core / 8-threads 2600k (8Mb) - 1.25 hours processing time (--db-sync-mode=fastest:async:1000).
2. Laptop, Dual-core / 4-threads U4200 (3Mb) - 4.90 hours processing time (--db-sync-mode=fastest:async:1000).
3. Embedded, Quad-core / 4-threads Z3735F (2x1Mb) - 12.0 hours processing time (--db-sync-mode=fastest:async:1000).
lmdb-optimized processing times (with per-block-checkpoint)
1. Desktop, Quad-core / 8-threads 2600k (8Mb) - 10 minutes processing time (--db-sync-mode=fastest:async:1000).
berkeley-db optimized processing times (with full pow computation)
1. Desktop, Quad-core / 8-threads 2600k (8Mb) - 1.8 hours processing time (--db-sync-mode=fastest:async:1000).
2. RPI2. Improved from estimated 3 months(???) into 2.5 days (*Need 2AMP supply + Clock:1Ghz + [usb+ssd] to achieve this speed) (--db-sync-mode=fastest:async:1000).
berkeley-db optimized processing times (with per-block-checkpoint)
1. RPI2. 12-15 hours (*Need 2AMP supply + Clock:1Ghz + [usb+ssd] to achieve this speed) (--db-sync-mode=fastest:async:1000).
Usage:
default is lmdb for blockchain branch:
$ make release
same as:
$ DATABASE=lmdb make release
for original in-memory implementation:
$ DATABASE=memory make release
Probably needs more looking at -- lot of things were done...in a rushed
sort of way. That said, it all builds and *should* be at least
testable.
update for rebase (warptangent 2015-01-04)
fix conflicts with upstream CMakeLists.txt files
src/CMakeLists.txt (remove edits from original commit)
tests/CMakeLists.txt (remove edits from original commit)
src/cryptonote_core/CMakeLists.txt (edit)
- use blockchain db .cpp and .h files
- add LMDB_LIBRARIES
