initial doxygen commenting of the CryptoNight proof-of-work code

This commit is contained in:
David G. Andersen 2014-10-05 12:33:39 -04:00
parent e5ac88819a
commit 4d493f6d4f

View file

@ -166,6 +166,11 @@ STATIC INLINE void xor_blocks(uint8_t *a, const uint8_t *b)
U64(a)[1] ^= U64(b)[1]; U64(a)[1] ^= U64(b)[1];
} }
/**
* @brief uses cpuid to determine if the CPU supports the AES instructions
* @return true if the CPU supports AES, false otherwise
*/
STATIC INLINE int check_aes_hw(void) STATIC INLINE int check_aes_hw(void)
{ {
int cpuid_results[4]; int cpuid_results[4];
@ -205,6 +210,20 @@ STATIC INLINE void aes_256_assist2(__m128i* t1, __m128i * t3)
*t3 = _mm_xor_si128(*t3, t2); *t3 = _mm_xor_si128(*t3, t2);
} }
/**
* @brief expands 'key' into a form it can be used for AES encryption.
*
* This is an SSE-optimized implementation of AES key schedule generation. It
* expands the key into multiple round keys, each of which is used in one round
* of the AES encryption used to fill (and later, extract randomness from)
* the large 2MB buffer. Note that CryptoNight does not use a completely
* standard AES encryption for its buffer expansion, so do not copy this
* function outside of Monero without caution!
*
* @param key the input 128 bit key
* @param expandedKey An output buffer to hold the generated key schedule
*/
STATIC INLINE void aes_expand_key(const uint8_t *key, uint8_t *expandedKey) STATIC INLINE void aes_expand_key(const uint8_t *key, uint8_t *expandedKey)
{ {
__m128i *ek = R128(expandedKey); __m128i *ek = R128(expandedKey);
@ -245,6 +264,22 @@ STATIC INLINE void aes_expand_key(const uint8_t *key, uint8_t *expandedKey)
ek[10] = t1; ek[10] = t1;
} }
/*
* @brief a "pseudo" round of AES (similar to slightly different from normal AES encryption)
*
* To fill its 2MB scratch buffer, CryptoNight uses a nonstandard implementation
* of AES encryption: It applies 10 rounds of the basic AES encryption operation
* to an input 128 bit chunk of data <in>. Unlike normal AES, however, this is
* all it does; it does not perform the initial AddRoundKey step (this is done
* in subsequent steps by aesenc_si128), and it does not use the simpler final round.
* Hence, this is a "pseudo" round - though the function actually implements 10 rounds together.
*
* @param in a pointer to nblocks * 128 bits of data to be encrypted
* @param out a pointer to an nblocks * 128 bit buffer where the output will be stored
* @param expandedKey the expanded AES key
* @param nblocks the number of 128 blocks of data to be encrypted
*/
STATIC INLINE void aes_pseudo_round(const uint8_t *in, uint8_t *out, STATIC INLINE void aes_pseudo_round(const uint8_t *in, uint8_t *out,
const uint8_t *expandedKey, int nblocks) const uint8_t *expandedKey, int nblocks)
{ {
@ -376,9 +411,37 @@ void slow_hash_free_state(void)
hp_allocated = 0; hp_allocated = 0;
} }
/**
* @brief the hash function implementing CryptoNight, used for the Monero proof-of-work
*
* Computes the hash of <data> (which consists of <length> bytes), returning the
* hash in <hash>. The CryptoNight hash operates by first using Keccak 1600,
* the 1600 bit variant of the Keccak hash used in SHA-3, to create a 200 byte
* buffer of pseudorandom data by hashing the supplied data. It then uses this
* random data to fill a large 2MB buffer with pseudorandom data by iteratively
* encrypting it using 10 rounds of AES per entry. After this initialization,
* it executes 500,000 rounds of mixing through the random 2MB buffer using
* AES (typically provided in hardware on modern CPUs) and a 64 bit multiply.
* Finally, it re-mixes this large buffer back into
* the 200 byte "text" buffer, and then hashes this buffer using one of four
* pseudorandomly selected hash functions (Blake, Groestl, JH, or Skein)
* to populate the output.
*
* The 2MB buffer and choice of functions for mixing are designed to make the
* algorithm "CPU-friendly" (and thus, reduce the advantage of GPU, FPGA,
* or ASIC-based implementations): the functions used are fast on modern
* CPUs, and the 2MB size matches the typical amount of L3 cache available per
* core on 2013-era CPUs. When available, this implementation will use hardware
* AES support on x86 CPUs.
*
* @param data the data to hash
* @param length the length in bytes of the data
* @param hash a pointer to a buffer in which the final hash will be stored
*/
void cn_slow_hash(const void *data, size_t length, char *hash) void cn_slow_hash(const void *data, size_t length, char *hash)
{ {
RDATA_ALIGN16 uint8_t expandedKey[240]; RDATA_ALIGN16 uint8_t expandedKey[240]; /* These buffers are aligned to use later with SSE functions */
uint8_t text[INIT_SIZE_BYTE]; uint8_t text[INIT_SIZE_BYTE];
RDATA_ALIGN16 uint64_t a[2]; RDATA_ALIGN16 uint64_t a[2];
@ -402,9 +465,15 @@ void cn_slow_hash(const void *data, size_t length, char *hash)
if(hp_state == NULL) if(hp_state == NULL)
slow_hash_allocate_state(); slow_hash_allocate_state();
/* CryptoNight Step 1: Use Keccak1600 to initialize the 'state' (and 'text') buffers from the data. */
hash_process(&state.hs, data, length); hash_process(&state.hs, data, length);
memcpy(text, state.init, INIT_SIZE_BYTE); memcpy(text, state.init, INIT_SIZE_BYTE);
/* CryptoNight Step 2: Iteratively encrypt the results from keccak to fill
* the 2MB large random access buffer.
*/
if(useAes) if(useAes)
{ {
aes_expand_key(state.hs.b, expandedKey); aes_expand_key(state.hs.b, expandedKey);
@ -432,6 +501,11 @@ void cn_slow_hash(const void *data, size_t length, char *hash)
U64(b)[0] = U64(&state.k[16])[0] ^ U64(&state.k[48])[0]; U64(b)[0] = U64(&state.k[16])[0] ^ U64(&state.k[48])[0];
U64(b)[1] = U64(&state.k[16])[1] ^ U64(&state.k[48])[1]; U64(b)[1] = U64(&state.k[16])[1] ^ U64(&state.k[48])[1];
/* CryptoNight Step 3: Bounce randomly 1 million times through the mixing buffer,
* using 500,000 iterations of the following mixing function. Each execution
* performs two reads and writes from the mixing buffer.
*/
_b = _mm_load_si128(R128(b)); _b = _mm_load_si128(R128(b));
// this is ugly but the branching affects the loop somewhat so put it outside. // this is ugly but the branching affects the loop somewhat so put it outside.
if(useAes) if(useAes)
@ -454,6 +528,10 @@ void cn_slow_hash(const void *data, size_t length, char *hash)
} }
} }
/* CryptoNight Step 4: Sequentially pass through the mixing buffer and use 10 rounds
* of AES encryption to mix the random data back into the 'text' buffer. 'text'
* was originally created with the output of Keccak1600. */
memcpy(text, state.init, INIT_SIZE_BYTE); memcpy(text, state.init, INIT_SIZE_BYTE);
if(useAes) if(useAes)
{ {
@ -478,6 +556,12 @@ void cn_slow_hash(const void *data, size_t length, char *hash)
oaes_free((OAES_CTX **) &aes_ctx); oaes_free((OAES_CTX **) &aes_ctx);
} }
/* CryptoNight Step 5: Use the resulting data to select which of four
* finalizer hash functions to apply to the data (Blake, Groestl, JH, or Skein).
* Use this hash to squeeze the 200 byte pseudorandom state array down
* to the final hash output.
*/
memcpy(state.init, text, INIT_SIZE_BYTE); memcpy(state.init, text, INIT_SIZE_BYTE);
hash_permutation(&state.hs); hash_permutation(&state.hs);
extra_hashes[state.hs.b[0] & 3](&state, 200, hash); extra_hashes[state.hs.b[0] & 3](&state, 200, hash);