Deduplicate installation instructions
@elrido, please don't re-add them. We should keep them in one place, i.e. in the wiki here. Otherwise one version will always get outdated. Of course, we could also remove that file here.
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INSTALL.md
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INSTALL.md
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# Installation
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For installation instructions, see [our wiki](https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin/wiki/Installation).
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**TL;DR:** Download the
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[latest release archive](https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin/releases/latest)
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and extract it in your web hosts folder where you want to install your PrivateBin
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instance. We try to provide a mostly safe default configuration, but we urge you to
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check the [security section](#hardening-and-security) below and the [configuration
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options](#configuration) to adjust as you see fit.
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**NOTE:** See [our FAQ](https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin/wiki/FAQ#how-can-i-securely-clonedownload-your-project) for information how to securely download the PrivateBin release files.
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### Minimal requirements
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- PHP version 5.4 or above
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- _one_ of the following sources of cryptographically safe randomness is required:
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- PHP 7 or higher
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- [Libsodium](https://download.libsodium.org/libsodium/content/installation/) and it's [PHP extension](https://paragonie.com/book/pecl-libsodium/read/00-intro.md#installing-libsodium)
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- open_basedir access to `/dev/urandom`
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- mcrypt extension
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- com_dotnet extension
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Mcrypt needs to be able to access `/dev/urandom`. This means if `open_basedir` is set, it must include this file.
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- GD extension
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- some disk space or (optionally) a database supported by [PDO](https://secure.php.net/manual/book.pdo.php)
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- ability to create files and folders in the installation directory and the PATH defined in index.php
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- A web browser with javascript support
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## Hardening and security
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### Changing the path
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In the index.php you can define a different `PATH`. This is useful to secure your
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installation. You can move the configuration, data files, templates and PHP
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libraries (directories cfg, doc, data, lib, tpl, tst and vendor) outside of your
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document root. This new location must still be accessible to your webserver / PHP
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process (see also
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[open_basedir setting](https://secure.php.net/manual/en/ini.core.php#ini.open-basedir)).
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> #### PATH Example
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> Your PrivateBin installation lives in a subfolder called "paste" inside of
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> your document root. The URL looks like this:
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> https://example.com/paste/
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>
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> The full path of PrivateBin on your webserver is:
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> /home/example.com/htdocs/paste
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>
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> When setting the path like this:
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> define('PATH', '../../secret/privatebin/');
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>
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> PrivateBin will look for your includes / data here:
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> /home/example.com/secret/privatebin
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### Transport security
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When setting up PrivateBin, also set up HTTPS, if you haven't already. Without HTTPS
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PrivateBin is not secure, as the javascript files could be manipulated during transmission.
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For more information on this, see our [FAQ entry on HTTPS setup](https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin/wiki/FAQ#how-should-i-setup-https).
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## Configuration
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In the file `cfg/conf.php` you can configure PrivateBin. A `cfg/conf.sample.php`
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is provided containing all options and default values. You can copy it to
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`cfg/conf.php` and adapt it as needed. The config file is divided into multiple
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sections, which are enclosed in square brackets.
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In the `[main]` section you can enable or disable the discussion feature, set
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the limit of stored pastes and comments in bytes. The `[traffic]` section lets
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you set a time limit in seconds. Users may not post more often then this limit
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to your PrivateBin installation.
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More details can be found in the
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[configuration documentation](https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin/wiki/Configuration).
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## Advanced installation
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### Web server configuration
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A `robots.txt` file is provided in the root dir of PrivateBin. It disallows all
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robots from accessing your pastes. It is recommend to place it into the root of
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your web directory if you have installed PrivateBin in a subdirectory. Make sure
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to adjust it, so that the file paths match your installation. Of course also
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adjust the file if you already use a `robots.txt`.
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A `.htaccess.disabled` file is provided in the root dir of PrivateBin. It blocks
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some known robots and link-scanning bots. If you use Apache, you can rename the
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file to `.htaccess` to enable this feature. If you use another webserver, you
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have to configure it manually to do the same.
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### On using Cloudflare
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If you want to use PrivateBin behind Cloudflare, make sure you have disabled the Rocket
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loader and unchecked "Javascript" for Auto Minify, found in your domain settings,
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under "Speed". (More information
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[in this FAQ entry](https://github.com/PrivateBin/PrivateBin/wiki/FAQ#user-content-how-to-make-privatebin-work-when-using-cloudflare-for-ddos-protection))
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### Using a database instead of flat files
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In the configuration file the `[model]` and `[model_options]` sections let you
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configure your favourite way of storing the pastes and discussions on your
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server.
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`Filesystem` is the default model, which stores everything in files in the
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data folder. This is the recommended setup for most sites.
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Under high load, in distributed setups or if you are not allowed to store files
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locally, you might want to switch to the `Database` model. This lets you
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store your data in a database. Basically all databases that are supported by
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[PDO](https://secure.php.net/manual/en/book.pdo.php) may be used. Automatic table
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creation is provided for `pdo_ibm`, `pdo_informix`, `pdo_mssql`, `pdo_mysql`,
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`pdo_oci`, `pdo_pgsql` and `pdo_sqlite`. You may want to provide a table prefix,
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if you have to share the PrivateBin database with another application or you want
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to use a prefix for
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[security reasons](https://security.stackexchange.com/questions/119510/is-using-a-db-prefix-for-tables-more-secure).
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The table prefix option is called `tbl`.
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> #### Note
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> The `Database` model has only been tested with SQLite, MySQL and PostgreSQL,
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> although it would not be recommended to use SQLite in a production environment.
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> If you gain any experience running PrivateBin on other RDBMS, please let us
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> know.
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For reference or if you want to create the table schema for yourself (replace
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`prefix_` with your own table prefix and create the table schema with phpMyAdmin
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or the MYSQL console):
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```sql
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CREATE TABLE prefix_paste (
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dataid CHAR(16) NOT NULL,
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data BLOB,
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postdate INT,
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expiredate INT,
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opendiscussion INT,
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burnafterreading INT,
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meta TEXT,
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attachment MEDIUMBLOB,
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attachmentname BLOB,
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PRIMARY KEY (dataid)
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);
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CREATE TABLE prefix_comment (
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dataid CHAR(16),
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pasteid CHAR(16),
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parentid CHAR(16),
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data BLOB,
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nickname BLOB,
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vizhash BLOB,
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postdate INT,
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PRIMARY KEY (dataid)
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);
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CREATE INDEX parent ON prefix_comment(pasteid);
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CREATE TABLE prefix_config (
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id CHAR(16) NOT NULL, value TEXT, PRIMARY KEY (id)
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);
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INSERT INTO prefix_config VALUES('VERSION', '1.1');
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```
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In PostgreSQL, the attachment column needs to be TEXT and not BLOB or MEDIUMBLOB.
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