diff --git a/packages/editor/api-report.md b/packages/editor/api-report.md
index 674692ca4..60e14d077 100644
--- a/packages/editor/api-report.md
+++ b/packages/editor/api-report.md
@@ -1068,7 +1068,7 @@ export class Editor extends EventEmitter<TLEventMap> {
 }
 
 // @internal (undocumented)
-export const EditorContext: React_2.Context<Editor>;
+export const EditorContext: React_2.Context<Editor | null>;
 
 // @public (undocumented)
 export class Ellipse2d extends Geometry2d {
diff --git a/packages/editor/src/lib/hooks/useEditor.ts b/packages/editor/src/lib/hooks/useEditor.ts
index 71072b3f1..d5c64a253 100644
--- a/packages/editor/src/lib/hooks/useEditor.ts
+++ b/packages/editor/src/lib/hooks/useEditor.ts
@@ -2,9 +2,15 @@ import React from 'react'
 import { Editor } from '../editor/Editor'
 
 /** @internal */
-export const EditorContext = React.createContext({} as Editor)
+export const EditorContext = React.createContext<Editor | null>(null)
 
 /** @public */
 export function useEditor(): Editor {
-	return React.useContext(EditorContext)
+	const editor = React.useContext(EditorContext)
+	if (!editor) {
+		throw new Error(
+			'useEditor must be used inside of the <Tldraw /> or <TldrawEditor /> components'
+		)
+	}
+	return editor
 }
diff --git a/packages/editor/src/lib/hooks/useEditorComponents.tsx b/packages/editor/src/lib/hooks/useEditorComponents.tsx
index 842ceb4b0..2c3c920ea 100644
--- a/packages/editor/src/lib/hooks/useEditorComponents.tsx
+++ b/packages/editor/src/lib/hooks/useEditorComponents.tsx
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ export type TLEditorComponents = Partial<
 	} & ErrorComponents
 >
 
-const EditorComponentsContext = createContext({} as TLEditorComponents & ErrorComponents)
+const EditorComponentsContext = createContext<null | (TLEditorComponents & ErrorComponents)>(null)
 
 type ComponentsContextProviderProps = {
 	overrides?: TLEditorComponents
@@ -140,5 +140,9 @@ export function EditorComponentsProvider({
 
 /** @public */
 export function useEditorComponents() {
-	return useContext(EditorComponentsContext)
+	const components = useContext(EditorComponentsContext)
+	if (!components) {
+		throw new Error('useEditorComponents must be used inside of <EditorComponentsProvider />')
+	}
+	return components
 }
diff --git a/packages/tldraw/api-report.md b/packages/tldraw/api-report.md
index 55496c5b1..af4d151ee 100644
--- a/packages/tldraw/api-report.md
+++ b/packages/tldraw/api-report.md
@@ -2566,7 +2566,7 @@ export function useCanUndo(): boolean;
 export function useCopyAs(): (ids: TLShapeId[], format?: TLCopyType) => void;
 
 // @public (undocumented)
-export const useCurrentTranslation: () => TLUiTranslation;
+export function useCurrentTranslation(): TLUiTranslation;
 
 // @public (undocumented)
 export function useDefaultColorTheme(): {
diff --git a/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/components/primitives/menus/TldrawUiMenuContext.tsx b/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/components/primitives/menus/TldrawUiMenuContext.tsx
index 5ccde749d..b86d03918 100644
--- a/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/components/primitives/menus/TldrawUiMenuContext.tsx
+++ b/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/components/primitives/menus/TldrawUiMenuContext.tsx
@@ -16,11 +16,15 @@ export type TldrawUiMenuContextType =
 const menuContext = createContext<{
 	type: TldrawUiMenuContextType
 	sourceId: TLUiEventSource
-}>({ type: 'menu', sourceId: 'main-menu' })
+} | null>(null)
 
 /** @public */
 export function useTldrawUiMenuContext() {
-	return useContext(menuContext)
+	const context = useContext(menuContext)
+	if (!context) {
+		throw new Error('useTldrawUiMenuContext must be used within a TldrawUiMenuContextProvider')
+	}
+	return context
 }
 
 /** @public */
diff --git a/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/actions.tsx b/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/actions.tsx
index 889e87f95..b63c29322 100644
--- a/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/actions.tsx
+++ b/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/actions.tsx
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ export interface TLUiActionItem<
 export type TLUiActionsContextType = Record<string, TLUiActionItem>
 
 /** @internal */
-export const ActionsContext = React.createContext<TLUiActionsContextType>({})
+export const ActionsContext = React.createContext<TLUiActionsContextType | null>(null)
 
 /** @public */
 export type ActionsProviderProps = {
diff --git a/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/breakpoints.tsx b/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/breakpoints.tsx
index 15ed5ad82..0ec9a110f 100644
--- a/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/breakpoints.tsx
+++ b/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/breakpoints.tsx
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { useEditor, useValue } from '@tldraw/editor'
 import React, { ReactNode, useContext } from 'react'
 import { PORTRAIT_BREAKPOINT, PORTRAIT_BREAKPOINTS } from '../constants'
 
-const BreakpointContext = React.createContext(0)
+const BreakpointContext = React.createContext<number | null>(null)
 
 /** @public */
 export function BreakPointProvider({
@@ -40,5 +40,9 @@ export function BreakPointProvider({
 
 /** @public */
 export function useBreakpoint() {
-	return useContext(BreakpointContext)
+	const breakpoint = useContext(BreakpointContext)
+	if (breakpoint === null) {
+		throw new Error('useBreakpoint must be used inside of the <BreakpointProvider /> component')
+	}
+	return breakpoint
 }
diff --git a/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/components.tsx b/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/components.tsx
index 4c09d5dff..2601028a3 100644
--- a/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/components.tsx
+++ b/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/components.tsx
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ export type TLUiComponents = Partial<{
 	[K in keyof BaseTLUiComponents]: BaseTLUiComponents[K] | null
 }>
 
-const TldrawUiComponentsContext = createContext({} as TLUiComponents)
+const TldrawUiComponentsContext = createContext<TLUiComponents | null>(null)
 
 /** @public */
 export type TLUiComponentsProviderProps = {
@@ -105,5 +105,9 @@ export function TldrawUiComponentsProvider({
 
 /** @public */
 export function useTldrawUiComponents() {
-	return useContext(TldrawUiComponentsContext)
+	const components = useContext(TldrawUiComponentsContext)
+	if (!components) {
+		throw new Error('useTldrawUiComponents must be used within a TldrawUiComponentsProvider')
+	}
+	return components
 }
diff --git a/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/dialogs.tsx b/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/dialogs.tsx
index d2a81c6af..98719022a 100644
--- a/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/dialogs.tsx
+++ b/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/dialogs.tsx
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ export type TLUiDialogsContextType = {
 }
 
 /** @internal */
-export const DialogsContext = createContext({} as TLUiDialogsContextType)
+export const DialogsContext = createContext<TLUiDialogsContextType | null>(null)
 
 /** @internal */
 export type DialogsProviderProps = {
diff --git a/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/events.tsx b/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/events.tsx
index 5b84fc6ec..e3492a1c1 100644
--- a/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/events.tsx
+++ b/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/events.tsx
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ const defaultEventHandler: TLUiEventHandler = () => void null
 export type TLUiEventContextType = TLUiEventHandler<keyof TLUiEventMap>
 
 /** @internal */
-export const EventsContext = React.createContext<TLUiEventContextType>({} as TLUiEventContextType)
+export const EventsContext = React.createContext<TLUiEventContextType | null>(null)
 
 /** @public */
 export type EventsProviderProps = {
diff --git a/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/toasts.tsx b/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/toasts.tsx
index d7fafe71c..911e7733e 100644
--- a/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/toasts.tsx
+++ b/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/context/toasts.tsx
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ export type TLUiToastsContextType = {
 }
 
 /** @internal */
-export const ToastsContext = createContext({} as TLUiToastsContextType)
+export const ToastsContext = createContext<TLUiToastsContextType | null>(null)
 
 /** @internal */
 export type ToastsProviderProps = {
diff --git a/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/hooks/useTools.tsx b/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/hooks/useTools.tsx
index 4e0fae9e9..05d975a0f 100644
--- a/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/hooks/useTools.tsx
+++ b/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/hooks/useTools.tsx
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ export interface TLUiToolItem<
 export type TLUiToolsContextType = Record<string, TLUiToolItem>
 
 /** @internal */
-export const ToolsContext = React.createContext({} as TLUiToolsContextType)
+export const ToolsContext = React.createContext<null | TLUiToolsContextType>(null)
 
 /** @public */
 export type TLUiToolsProviderProps = {
diff --git a/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/hooks/useTranslation/useTranslation.tsx b/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/hooks/useTranslation/useTranslation.tsx
index 837e752db..fcce8a5e2 100644
--- a/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/hooks/useTranslation/useTranslation.tsx
+++ b/packages/tldraw/src/lib/ui/hooks/useTranslation/useTranslation.tsx
@@ -23,12 +23,16 @@ export interface TLUiTranslationProviderProps {
 /** @public */
 export type TLUiTranslationContextType = TLUiTranslation
 
-const TranslationsContext = React.createContext<TLUiTranslationContextType>(
-	{} as TLUiTranslationContextType
-)
+const TranslationsContext = React.createContext<TLUiTranslationContextType | null>(null)
 
 /** @public */
-export const useCurrentTranslation = () => React.useContext(TranslationsContext)
+export function useCurrentTranslation() {
+	const translations = React.useContext(TranslationsContext)
+	if (!translations) {
+		throw new Error('useCurrentTranslation must be used inside of <TldrawUiContextProvider />')
+	}
+	return translations
+}
 
 /**
  * Provides a translation context to the editor.