element-web/src/SlidingSyncManager.ts

/*
Copyright 2022 The Matrix.org Foundation C.I.C.

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
*/

/*
 * Sliding Sync Architecture - MSC https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-spec-proposals/pull/3575
 *
 * This is a holistic summary of the changes made to Element-Web / React SDK / JS SDK to enable sliding sync.
 * This summary will hopefully signpost where developers need to look if they want to make changes to this code.
 *
 * At the lowest level, the JS SDK contains an HTTP API wrapper function in client.ts. This is used by
 * a SlidingSync class in JS SDK, which contains code to handle list operations (INSERT/DELETE/SYNC/etc)
 * and contains the main request API bodies, but has no code to control updating JS SDK structures: it just
 * exposes an EventEmitter to listen for updates. When MatrixClient.startClient is called, callers need to
 * provide a SlidingSync instance as this contains the main request API params (timeline limit, required state,
 * how many lists, etc).
 *
 * The SlidingSyncSdk INTERNAL class in JS SDK attaches listeners to SlidingSync to update JS SDK Room objects,
 * and it conveniently exposes an identical public API to SyncApi (to allow it to be a drop-in replacement).
 *
 * At the highest level, SlidingSyncManager contains mechanisms to tell UI lists which rooms to show,
 * and contains the core request API params used in Element-Web. It does this by listening for events
 * emitted by the SlidingSync class and by modifying the request API params on the SlidingSync class.
 *
 *    (entry point)                     (updates JS SDK)
 *  SlidingSyncManager                   SlidingSyncSdk
 *       |                                     |
 *       +------------------.------------------+
 *         listens          |          listens
 *                     SlidingSync
 *                     (sync loop,
 *                      list ops)
 */

import { MatrixClient, EventType, AutoDiscovery, Method, timeoutSignal } from "matrix-js-sdk/src/matrix";
import {
    MSC3575Filter,
    MSC3575List,
    MSC3575_STATE_KEY_LAZY,
    MSC3575_STATE_KEY_ME,
    MSC3575_WILDCARD,
    SlidingSync,
} from "matrix-js-sdk/src/sliding-sync";
import { logger } from "matrix-js-sdk/src/logger";
import { defer, sleep } from "matrix-js-sdk/src/utils";

import SettingsStore from "./settings/SettingsStore";
import SlidingSyncController from "./settings/controllers/SlidingSyncController";

// how long to long poll for
const SLIDING_SYNC_TIMEOUT_MS = 20 * 1000;

// the things to fetch when a user clicks on a room
const DEFAULT_ROOM_SUBSCRIPTION_INFO = {
    timeline_limit: 50,
    // missing required_state which will change depending on the kind of room
    include_old_rooms: {
        timeline_limit: 0,
        required_state: [
            // state needed to handle space navigation and tombstone chains
            [EventType.RoomCreate, ""],
            [EventType.RoomTombstone, ""],
            [EventType.SpaceChild, MSC3575_WILDCARD],
            [EventType.SpaceParent, MSC3575_WILDCARD],
            [EventType.RoomMember, MSC3575_STATE_KEY_ME],
        ],
    },
};
// lazy load room members so rooms like Matrix HQ don't take forever to load
const UNENCRYPTED_SUBSCRIPTION_NAME = "unencrypted";
const UNENCRYPTED_SUBSCRIPTION = Object.assign(
    {
        required_state: [
            [MSC3575_WILDCARD, MSC3575_WILDCARD], // all events
            [EventType.RoomMember, MSC3575_STATE_KEY_ME], // except for m.room.members, get our own membership
            [EventType.RoomMember, MSC3575_STATE_KEY_LAZY], // ...and lazy load the rest.
        ],
    },
    DEFAULT_ROOM_SUBSCRIPTION_INFO,
);

// we need all the room members in encrypted rooms because we need to know which users to encrypt
// messages for.
const ENCRYPTED_SUBSCRIPTION = Object.assign(
    {
        required_state: [
            [MSC3575_WILDCARD, MSC3575_WILDCARD], // all events
        ],
    },
    DEFAULT_ROOM_SUBSCRIPTION_INFO,
);

export type PartialSlidingSyncRequest = {
    filters?: MSC3575Filter;
    sort?: string[];
    ranges?: [startIndex: number, endIndex: number][];
};

/**
 * This class manages the entirety of sliding sync at a high UI/UX level. It controls the placement
 * of placeholders in lists, controls updating sliding window ranges, and controls which events
 * are pulled down when. The intention behind this manager is be the single place to look for sliding
 * sync options and code.
 */
export class SlidingSyncManager {
    public static readonly ListSpaces = "space_list";
    public static readonly ListSearch = "search_list";
    private static readonly internalInstance = new SlidingSyncManager();

    public slidingSync?: SlidingSync;
    private client?: MatrixClient;

    private configureDefer = defer<void>();

    public static get instance(): SlidingSyncManager {
        return SlidingSyncManager.internalInstance;
    }

    public configure(client: MatrixClient, proxyUrl: string): SlidingSync {
        this.client = client;
        // by default use the encrypted subscription as that gets everything, which is a safer
        // default than potentially missing member events.
        this.slidingSync = new SlidingSync(
            proxyUrl,
            new Map(),
            ENCRYPTED_SUBSCRIPTION,
            client,
            SLIDING_SYNC_TIMEOUT_MS,
        );
        this.slidingSync.addCustomSubscription(UNENCRYPTED_SUBSCRIPTION_NAME, UNENCRYPTED_SUBSCRIPTION);
        // set the space list
        this.slidingSync.setList(SlidingSyncManager.ListSpaces, {
            ranges: [[0, 20]],
            sort: ["by_name"],
            slow_get_all_rooms: true,
            timeline_limit: 0,
            required_state: [
                [EventType.RoomJoinRules, ""], // the public icon on the room list
                [EventType.RoomAvatar, ""], // any room avatar
                [EventType.RoomTombstone, ""], // lets JS SDK hide rooms which are dead
                [EventType.RoomEncryption, ""], // lets rooms be configured for E2EE correctly
                [EventType.RoomCreate, ""], // for isSpaceRoom checks
                [EventType.SpaceChild, MSC3575_WILDCARD], // all space children
                [EventType.SpaceParent, MSC3575_WILDCARD], // all space parents
                [EventType.RoomMember, MSC3575_STATE_KEY_ME], // lets the client calculate that we are in fact in the room
            ],
            include_old_rooms: {
                timeline_limit: 0,
                required_state: [
                    [EventType.RoomCreate, ""],
                    [EventType.RoomTombstone, ""], // lets JS SDK hide rooms which are dead
                    [EventType.SpaceChild, MSC3575_WILDCARD], // all space children
                    [EventType.SpaceParent, MSC3575_WILDCARD], // all space parents
                    [EventType.RoomMember, MSC3575_STATE_KEY_ME], // lets the client calculate that we are in fact in the room
                ],
            },
            filters: {
                room_types: ["m.space"],
            },
        });
        this.configureDefer.resolve();
        return this.slidingSync;
    }

    /**
     * Ensure that this list is registered.
     * @param listKey The list key to register
     * @param updateArgs The fields to update on the list.
     * @returns The complete list request params
     */
    public async ensureListRegistered(listKey: string, updateArgs: PartialSlidingSyncRequest): Promise<MSC3575List> {
        logger.debug("ensureListRegistered:::", listKey, updateArgs);
        await this.configureDefer.promise;
        let list = this.slidingSync!.getListParams(listKey);
        if (!list) {
            list = {
                ranges: [[0, 20]],
                sort: ["by_notification_level", "by_recency"],
                timeline_limit: 1, // most recent message display: though this seems to only be needed for favourites?
                required_state: [
                    [EventType.RoomJoinRules, ""], // the public icon on the room list
                    [EventType.RoomAvatar, ""], // any room avatar
                    [EventType.RoomTombstone, ""], // lets JS SDK hide rooms which are dead
                    [EventType.RoomEncryption, ""], // lets rooms be configured for E2EE correctly
                    [EventType.RoomCreate, ""], // for isSpaceRoom checks
                    [EventType.RoomMember, MSC3575_STATE_KEY_ME], // lets the client calculate that we are in fact in the room
                ],
                include_old_rooms: {
                    timeline_limit: 0,
                    required_state: [
                        [EventType.RoomCreate, ""],
                        [EventType.RoomTombstone, ""], // lets JS SDK hide rooms which are dead
                        [EventType.SpaceChild, MSC3575_WILDCARD], // all space children
                        [EventType.SpaceParent, MSC3575_WILDCARD], // all space parents
                        [EventType.RoomMember, MSC3575_STATE_KEY_ME], // lets the client calculate that we are in fact in the room
                    ],
                },
            };
            list = Object.assign(list, updateArgs);
        } else {
            const updatedList = Object.assign({}, list, updateArgs);
            // cannot use objectHasDiff as we need to do deep diff checking
            if (JSON.stringify(list) === JSON.stringify(updatedList)) {
                logger.debug("list matches, not sending, update => ", updateArgs);
                return list;
            }
            list = updatedList;
        }

        try {
            // if we only have range changes then call a different function so we don't nuke the list from before
            if (updateArgs.ranges && Object.keys(updateArgs).length === 1) {
                await this.slidingSync!.setListRanges(listKey, updateArgs.ranges);
            } else {
                await this.slidingSync!.setList(listKey, list);
            }
        } catch (err) {
            logger.debug("ensureListRegistered: update failed txn_id=", err);
        }
        return this.slidingSync!.getListParams(listKey)!;
    }

    public async setRoomVisible(roomId: string, visible: boolean): Promise<string> {
        await this.configureDefer.promise;
        const subscriptions = this.slidingSync!.getRoomSubscriptions();
        if (visible) {
            subscriptions.add(roomId);
        } else {
            subscriptions.delete(roomId);
        }
        const room = this.client?.getRoom(roomId);
        let shouldLazyLoad = !this.client?.isRoomEncrypted(roomId);
        if (!room) {
            // default to safety: request all state if we can't work it out. This can happen if you
            // refresh the app whilst viewing a room: we call setRoomVisible before we know anything
            // about the room.
            shouldLazyLoad = false;
        }
        logger.log("SlidingSync setRoomVisible:", roomId, visible, "shouldLazyLoad:", shouldLazyLoad);
        if (shouldLazyLoad) {
            // lazy load this room
            this.slidingSync!.useCustomSubscription(roomId, UNENCRYPTED_SUBSCRIPTION_NAME);
        }
        const p = this.slidingSync!.modifyRoomSubscriptions(subscriptions);
        if (room) {
            return roomId; // we have data already for this room, show immediately e.g it's in a list
        }
        try {
            // wait until the next sync before returning as RoomView may need to know the current state
            await p;
        } catch (err) {
            logger.warn("SlidingSync setRoomVisible:", roomId, visible, "failed to confirm transaction");
        }
        return roomId;
    }

    /**
     * Retrieve all rooms on the user's account. Used for pre-populating the local search cache.
     * Retrieval is gradual over time.
     * @param batchSize The number of rooms to return in each request.
     * @param gapBetweenRequestsMs The number of milliseconds to wait between requests.
     */
    public async startSpidering(batchSize: number, gapBetweenRequestsMs: number): Promise<void> {
        await sleep(gapBetweenRequestsMs); // wait a bit as this is called on first render so let's let things load
        let startIndex = batchSize;
        let hasMore = true;
        let firstTime = true;
        while (hasMore) {
            const endIndex = startIndex + batchSize - 1;
            try {
                const ranges = [
                    [0, batchSize - 1],
                    [startIndex, endIndex],
                ];
                if (firstTime) {
                    await this.slidingSync!.setList(SlidingSyncManager.ListSearch, {
                        // e.g [0,19] [20,39] then [0,19] [40,59]. We keep [0,20] constantly to ensure
                        // any changes to the list whilst spidering are caught.
                        ranges: ranges,
                        sort: [
                            "by_recency", // this list isn't shown on the UI so just sorting by timestamp is enough
                        ],
                        timeline_limit: 0, // we only care about the room details, not messages in the room
                        required_state: [
                            [EventType.RoomJoinRules, ""], // the public icon on the room list
                            [EventType.RoomAvatar, ""], // any room avatar
                            [EventType.RoomTombstone, ""], // lets JS SDK hide rooms which are dead
                            [EventType.RoomEncryption, ""], // lets rooms be configured for E2EE correctly
                            [EventType.RoomCreate, ""], // for isSpaceRoom checks
                            [EventType.RoomMember, MSC3575_STATE_KEY_ME], // lets the client calculate that we are in fact in the room
                        ],
                        // we don't include_old_rooms here in an effort to reduce the impact of spidering all rooms
                        // on the user's account. This means some data in the search dialog results may be inaccurate
                        // e.g membership of space, but this will be corrected when the user clicks on the room
                        // as the direct room subscription does include old room iterations.
                        filters: {
                            // we get spaces via a different list, so filter them out
                            not_room_types: ["m.space"],
                        },
                    });
                } else {
                    await this.slidingSync!.setListRanges(SlidingSyncManager.ListSearch, ranges);
                }
            } catch (err) {
                // do nothing, as we reject only when we get interrupted but that's fine as the next
                // request will include our data
            } finally {
                // gradually request more over time, even on errors.
                await sleep(gapBetweenRequestsMs);
            }
            const listData = this.slidingSync!.getListData(SlidingSyncManager.ListSearch)!;
            hasMore = endIndex + 1 < listData.joinedCount;
            startIndex += batchSize;
            firstTime = false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * Set up the Sliding Sync instance; configures the end point and starts spidering.
     * The sliding sync endpoint is derived the following way:
     *   1. The user-defined sliding sync proxy URL (legacy, for backwards compatibility)
     *   2. The client `well-known` sliding sync proxy URL [declared at the unstable prefix](https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-spec-proposals/blob/kegan/sync-v3/proposals/3575-sync.md#unstable-prefix)
     *   3. The homeserver base url (for native server support)
     * @param client The MatrixClient to use
     * @returns A working Sliding Sync or undefined
     */
    public async setup(client: MatrixClient): Promise<SlidingSync | undefined> {
        const baseUrl = client.baseUrl;
        const proxyUrl = SettingsStore.getValue("feature_sliding_sync_proxy_url");
        const wellKnownProxyUrl = await this.getProxyFromWellKnown(client);

        const slidingSyncEndpoint = proxyUrl || wellKnownProxyUrl || baseUrl;

        this.configure(client, slidingSyncEndpoint);
        logger.info("Sliding sync activated at", slidingSyncEndpoint);
        this.startSpidering(100, 50); // 100 rooms at a time, 50ms apart

        return this.slidingSync;
    }

    /**
     * Get the sliding sync proxy URL from the client well known
     * @param client The MatrixClient to use
     * @return The proxy url
     */
    public async getProxyFromWellKnown(client: MatrixClient): Promise<string | undefined> {
        let proxyUrl: string | undefined;

        try {
            const clientWellKnown = await AutoDiscovery.findClientConfig(client.baseUrl);
            proxyUrl = clientWellKnown?.["org.matrix.msc3575.proxy"]?.url;
        } catch (e) {
            // client.baseUrl is invalid, `AutoDiscovery.findClientConfig` has thrown
        }

        if (proxyUrl != undefined) {
            logger.log("getProxyFromWellKnown: client well-known declares sliding sync proxy at", proxyUrl);
        }
        return proxyUrl;
    }

    /**
     * Check if the server "natively" supports sliding sync (with an unstable endpoint).
     * @param client The MatrixClient to use
     * @return Whether the "native" (unstable) endpoint is supported
     */
    public async nativeSlidingSyncSupport(client: MatrixClient): Promise<boolean> {
        // Per https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-spec-proposals/pull/3575/files#r1589542561
        // `client` can be undefined/null in tests for some reason.
        const support = await client?.doesServerSupportUnstableFeature("org.matrix.msc3575");
        if (support) {
            logger.log("nativeSlidingSyncSupport: sliding sync advertised as unstable");
        }
        return support;
    }

    /**
     * Check whether our homeserver has sliding sync support, that the endpoint is up, and
     * is a sliding sync endpoint.
     *
     * Sets static member `SlidingSyncController.serverSupportsSlidingSync`
     * @param client The MatrixClient to use
     */
    public async checkSupport(client: MatrixClient): Promise<void> {
        if (await this.nativeSlidingSyncSupport(client)) {
            SlidingSyncController.serverSupportsSlidingSync = true;
            return;
        }

        const proxyUrl = await this.getProxyFromWellKnown(client);
        if (proxyUrl != undefined) {
            const response = await fetch(proxyUrl + "/client/server.json", {
                method: Method.Get,
                signal: timeoutSignal(10 * 1000), // 10s
            });
            if (response.status === 200) {
                logger.log("checkSupport: well-known sliding sync proxy is up at", proxyUrl);
                SlidingSyncController.serverSupportsSlidingSync = true;
            }
        }
    }
}