KumiSystems/openwrtv3
1
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Projects Releases Packages Wiki Activity
openwrtv3/package/network/utils/nftables/patches/102-build-allow-building-with-mini-gmp-instead-of-gmp.patch
Steven Barth 71d05d211d nftables: bump to latest, fix minigmp 
Signed-off-by: Steven Barth <steven@midlink.org>

SVN-Revision: 43013
2014-10-21 20:00:56 +00:00

4946 lines
104 KiB
Diff
Raw Blame History

This file contains invisible Unicode characters

This file contains invisible Unicode characters that are indistinguishable to humans but may be processed differently by a computer. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

From da4e4f5db6561923ad239aa653660250aaeb5873 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Steven Barth <cyrus@openwrt.org>
Date: Mon, 6 Oct 2014 07:26:13 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 2/2] build: allow building with mini-gmp instead of gmp
This introduces --without-libgmp which includes mini-gmp into nft
(adding ~30k) but avoids linking libgmp which is >400k.
This is useful for embedded distributions not using gmp otherwise.
Note: currently --without-libgmp must be used with --disable-debug.
Signed-off-by: Steven Barth <cyrus@openwrt.org>
---
configure.ac | 14 +-
include/bignum.h | 17 +
include/expression.h | 2 +-
include/gmputil.h | 2 +-
include/mini-gmp.h | 294 ++++
include/utils.h | 4 +-
src/Makefile.in | 5 +
src/datatype.c | 4 +-
src/erec.c | 4 +-
src/evaluate.c | 8 +-
src/gmputil.c | 1 -
src/mini-gmp-printf.c | 62 +
src/mini-gmp.c | 4386 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
13 files changed, 4790 insertions(+), 13 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 include/bignum.h
create mode 100644 include/mini-gmp.h
create mode 100644 src/mini-gmp-printf.c
create mode 100644 src/mini-gmp.c
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -68,8 +68,18 @@ AC_CHECK_LIB([mnl], [mnl_socket_open], ,
AC_CHECK_LIB([nftnl], [nft_rule_alloc], ,
AC_MSG_ERROR([No suitable version of libnftnl found]))
-AC_CHECK_LIB([gmp], [__gmpz_init], ,
- AC_MSG_ERROR([No suitable version of libgmp found]))
+AC_ARG_WITH([libgmp], [AS_HELP_STRING([--without-libgmp],
+ [Disable libgmp support (use builtin mini-gmp)])], [],
+ [with_libgmp=yes])
+AS_IF([test "x$with_libgmp" != xno], [
+AC_CHECK_LIB([gmp],[__gmpz_init], , AC_MSG_ERROR([No suitable version of libgmp found]))
+])
+AC_SUBST(with_libgmp)
+
+
+AS_IF([test "x$with_libgmp" != xyes -a "x$CONFIG_DEBUG" = xy], [
+AC_MSG_ERROR([--without-libgmp MUST be used with --disable-debug])
+])
AC_ARG_WITH([cli], [AS_HELP_STRING([--without-cli],
[disable interactive CLI (libreadline support)])],
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/bignum.h
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#ifndef NFTABLES_BIGNUM_H
+#define NFTABLES_BIGNUM_H
+
+#ifdef HAVE_LIBGMP
+#include <gmp.h>
+
+#else
+
+#include <mini-gmp.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+
+int gmp_printf(const char *format, const mpz_t value);
+
+#endif
+
+#endif /* NFTABLES_BIGNUM_H */
--- a/include/expression.h
+++ b/include/expression.h
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
#define NFTABLES_EXPRESSION_H
#include <stdbool.h>
-#include <gmp.h>
+#include <bignum.h>
#include <linux/netfilter/nf_tables.h>
#include <nftables.h>
--- a/include/gmputil.h
+++ b/include/gmputil.h
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
#ifndef NFTABLES_GMPUTIL_H
#define NFTABLES_GMPUTIL_H
-#include <gmp.h>
+#include <bignum.h>
#include <asm/byteorder.h>
enum mpz_word_order {
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/mini-gmp.h
@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+/* mini-gmp, a minimalistic implementation of a GNU GMP subset.
+
+Copyright 2011-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+This file is part of the GNU MP Library.
+
+The GNU MP Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of either:
+
+ * the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free
+ Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your
+ option) any later version.
+
+or
+
+ * the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+ Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any
+ later version.
+
+or both in parallel, as here.
+
+The GNU MP Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
+for more details.
+
+You should have received copies of the GNU General Public License and the
+GNU Lesser General Public License along with the GNU MP Library. If not,
+see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/. */
+
+/* About mini-gmp: This is a minimal implementation of a subset of the
+ GMP interface. It is intended for inclusion into applications which
+ have modest bignums needs, as a fallback when the real GMP library
+ is not installed.
+
+ This file defines the public interface. */
+
+#ifndef __MINI_GMP_H__
+#define __MINI_GMP_H__
+
+/* For size_t */
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+#if defined (__cplusplus)
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+void mp_set_memory_functions (void *(*) (size_t),
+ void *(*) (void *, size_t, size_t),
+ void (*) (void *, size_t));
+
+void mp_get_memory_functions (void *(**) (size_t),
+ void *(**) (void *, size_t, size_t),
+ void (**) (void *, size_t));
+
+typedef unsigned long mp_limb_t;
+typedef long mp_size_t;
+typedef unsigned long mp_bitcnt_t;
+
+typedef mp_limb_t *mp_ptr;
+typedef const mp_limb_t *mp_srcptr;
+
+typedef struct
+{
+ int _mp_alloc; /* Number of *limbs* allocated and pointed
+ to by the _mp_d field. */
+ int _mp_size; /* abs(_mp_size) is the number of limbs the
+ last field points to. If _mp_size is
+ negative this is a negative number. */
+ mp_limb_t *_mp_d; /* Pointer to the limbs. */
+} __mpz_struct;
+
+typedef __mpz_struct mpz_t[1];
+
+typedef __mpz_struct *mpz_ptr;
+typedef const __mpz_struct *mpz_srcptr;
+
+extern const int mp_bits_per_limb;
+
+void mpn_copyi (mp_ptr, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t);
+void mpn_copyd (mp_ptr, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t);
+void mpn_zero (mp_ptr, mp_size_t);
+
+int mpn_cmp (mp_srcptr, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t);
+
+mp_limb_t mpn_add_1 (mp_ptr, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t, mp_limb_t);
+mp_limb_t mpn_add_n (mp_ptr, mp_srcptr, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t);
+mp_limb_t mpn_add (mp_ptr, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t);
+
+mp_limb_t mpn_sub_1 (mp_ptr, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t, mp_limb_t);
+mp_limb_t mpn_sub_n (mp_ptr, mp_srcptr, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t);
+mp_limb_t mpn_sub (mp_ptr, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t);
+
+mp_limb_t mpn_mul_1 (mp_ptr, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t, mp_limb_t);
+mp_limb_t mpn_addmul_1 (mp_ptr, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t, mp_limb_t);
+mp_limb_t mpn_submul_1 (mp_ptr, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t, mp_limb_t);
+
+mp_limb_t mpn_mul (mp_ptr, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t);
+void mpn_mul_n (mp_ptr, mp_srcptr, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t);
+void mpn_sqr (mp_ptr, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t);
+int mpn_perfect_square_p (mp_srcptr, mp_size_t);
+mp_size_t mpn_sqrtrem (mp_ptr, mp_ptr, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t);
+
+mp_limb_t mpn_lshift (mp_ptr, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t, unsigned int);
+mp_limb_t mpn_rshift (mp_ptr, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t, unsigned int);
+
+mp_bitcnt_t mpn_scan0 (mp_srcptr, mp_bitcnt_t);
+mp_bitcnt_t mpn_scan1 (mp_srcptr, mp_bitcnt_t);
+
+mp_bitcnt_t mpn_popcount (mp_srcptr, mp_size_t);
+
+mp_limb_t mpn_invert_3by2 (mp_limb_t, mp_limb_t);
+#define mpn_invert_limb(x) mpn_invert_3by2 ((x), 0)
+
+size_t mpn_get_str (unsigned char *, int, mp_ptr, mp_size_t);
+mp_size_t mpn_set_str (mp_ptr, const unsigned char *, size_t, int);
+
+void mpz_init (mpz_t);
+void mpz_init2 (mpz_t, mp_bitcnt_t);
+void mpz_clear (mpz_t);
+
+#define mpz_odd_p(z) (((z)->_mp_size != 0) & (int) (z)->_mp_d[0])
+#define mpz_even_p(z) (! mpz_odd_p (z))
+
+int mpz_sgn (const mpz_t);
+int mpz_cmp_si (const mpz_t, long);
+int mpz_cmp_ui (const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+int mpz_cmp (const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+int mpz_cmpabs_ui (const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+int mpz_cmpabs (const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+int mpz_cmp_d (const mpz_t, double);
+int mpz_cmpabs_d (const mpz_t, double);
+
+void mpz_abs (mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_neg (mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_swap (mpz_t, mpz_t);
+
+void mpz_add_ui (mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+void mpz_add (mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_sub_ui (mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+void mpz_ui_sub (mpz_t, unsigned long, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_sub (mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+
+void mpz_mul_si (mpz_t, const mpz_t, long int);
+void mpz_mul_ui (mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long int);
+void mpz_mul (mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_mul_2exp (mpz_t, const mpz_t, mp_bitcnt_t);
+void mpz_addmul_ui (mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long int);
+void mpz_addmul (mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_submul_ui (mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long int);
+void mpz_submul (mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+
+void mpz_cdiv_qr (mpz_t, mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_fdiv_qr (mpz_t, mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_tdiv_qr (mpz_t, mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_cdiv_q (mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_fdiv_q (mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_tdiv_q (mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_cdiv_r (mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_fdiv_r (mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_tdiv_r (mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+
+void mpz_cdiv_q_2exp (mpz_t, const mpz_t, mp_bitcnt_t);
+void mpz_fdiv_q_2exp (mpz_t, const mpz_t, mp_bitcnt_t);
+void mpz_tdiv_q_2exp (mpz_t, const mpz_t, mp_bitcnt_t);
+void mpz_cdiv_r_2exp (mpz_t, const mpz_t, mp_bitcnt_t);
+void mpz_fdiv_r_2exp (mpz_t, const mpz_t, mp_bitcnt_t);
+void mpz_tdiv_r_2exp (mpz_t, const mpz_t, mp_bitcnt_t);
+
+void mpz_mod (mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+
+void mpz_divexact (mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+
+int mpz_divisible_p (const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+int mpz_congruent_p (const mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+
+unsigned long mpz_cdiv_qr_ui (mpz_t, mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+unsigned long mpz_fdiv_qr_ui (mpz_t, mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+unsigned long mpz_tdiv_qr_ui (mpz_t, mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+unsigned long mpz_cdiv_q_ui (mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+unsigned long mpz_fdiv_q_ui (mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+unsigned long mpz_tdiv_q_ui (mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+unsigned long mpz_cdiv_r_ui (mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+unsigned long mpz_fdiv_r_ui (mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+unsigned long mpz_tdiv_r_ui (mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+unsigned long mpz_cdiv_ui (const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+unsigned long mpz_fdiv_ui (const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+unsigned long mpz_tdiv_ui (const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+
+unsigned long mpz_mod_ui (mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+
+void mpz_divexact_ui (mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+
+int mpz_divisible_ui_p (const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+
+unsigned long mpz_gcd_ui (mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+void mpz_gcd (mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_gcdext (mpz_t, mpz_t, mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_lcm_ui (mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+void mpz_lcm (mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+int mpz_invert (mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+
+void mpz_sqrtrem (mpz_t, mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_sqrt (mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+int mpz_perfect_square_p (const mpz_t);
+
+void mpz_pow_ui (mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+void mpz_ui_pow_ui (mpz_t, unsigned long, unsigned long);
+void mpz_powm (mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_powm_ui (mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long, const mpz_t);
+
+void mpz_rootrem (mpz_t, mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+int mpz_root (mpz_t, const mpz_t, unsigned long);
+
+void mpz_fac_ui (mpz_t, unsigned long);
+void mpz_bin_uiui (mpz_t, unsigned long, unsigned long);
+
+int mpz_probab_prime_p (const mpz_t, int);
+
+int mpz_tstbit (const mpz_t, mp_bitcnt_t);
+void mpz_setbit (mpz_t, mp_bitcnt_t);
+void mpz_clrbit (mpz_t, mp_bitcnt_t);
+void mpz_combit (mpz_t, mp_bitcnt_t);
+
+void mpz_com (mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_and (mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_ior (mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_xor (mpz_t, const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+
+mp_bitcnt_t mpz_popcount (const mpz_t);
+mp_bitcnt_t mpz_hamdist (const mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+mp_bitcnt_t mpz_scan0 (const mpz_t, mp_bitcnt_t);
+mp_bitcnt_t mpz_scan1 (const mpz_t, mp_bitcnt_t);
+
+int mpz_fits_slong_p (const mpz_t);
+int mpz_fits_ulong_p (const mpz_t);
+long int mpz_get_si (const mpz_t);
+unsigned long int mpz_get_ui (const mpz_t);
+double mpz_get_d (const mpz_t);
+size_t mpz_size (const mpz_t);
+mp_limb_t mpz_getlimbn (const mpz_t, mp_size_t);
+
+void mpz_realloc2 (mpz_t, mp_bitcnt_t);
+mp_srcptr mpz_limbs_read (mpz_srcptr);
+mp_ptr mpz_limbs_modify (mpz_t, mp_size_t);
+mp_ptr mpz_limbs_write (mpz_t, mp_size_t);
+void mpz_limbs_finish (mpz_t, mp_size_t);
+mpz_srcptr mpz_roinit_n (mpz_t, mp_srcptr, mp_size_t);
+
+#define MPZ_ROINIT_N(xp, xs) {{0, (xs),(xp) }}
+
+void mpz_set_si (mpz_t, signed long int);
+void mpz_set_ui (mpz_t, unsigned long int);
+void mpz_set (mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_set_d (mpz_t, double);
+
+void mpz_init_set_si (mpz_t, signed long int);
+void mpz_init_set_ui (mpz_t, unsigned long int);
+void mpz_init_set (mpz_t, const mpz_t);
+void mpz_init_set_d (mpz_t, double);
+
+size_t mpz_sizeinbase (const mpz_t, int);
+char *mpz_get_str (char *, int, const mpz_t);
+int mpz_set_str (mpz_t, const char *, int);
+int mpz_init_set_str (mpz_t, const char *, int);
+
+/* This long list taken from gmp.h. */
+/* For reference, "defined(EOF)" cannot be used here. In g++ 2.95.4,
+ <iostream> defines EOF but not FILE. */
+#if defined (FILE) \
+ || defined (H_STDIO) \
+ || defined (_H_STDIO) /* AIX */ \
+ || defined (_STDIO_H) /* glibc, Sun, SCO */ \
+ || defined (_STDIO_H_) /* BSD, OSF */ \
+ || defined (__STDIO_H) /* Borland */ \
+ || defined (__STDIO_H__) /* IRIX */ \
+ || defined (_STDIO_INCLUDED) /* HPUX */ \
+ || defined (__dj_include_stdio_h_) /* DJGPP */ \
+ || defined (_FILE_DEFINED) /* Microsoft */ \
+ || defined (__STDIO__) /* Apple MPW MrC */ \
+ || defined (_MSL_STDIO_H) /* Metrowerks */ \
+ || defined (_STDIO_H_INCLUDED) /* QNX4 */ \
+ || defined (_ISO_STDIO_ISO_H) /* Sun C++ */ \
+ || defined (__STDIO_LOADED) /* VMS */
+size_t mpz_out_str (FILE *, int, const mpz_t);
+#endif
+
+void mpz_import (mpz_t, size_t, int, size_t, int, size_t, const void *);
+void *mpz_export (void *, size_t *, int, size_t, int, size_t, const mpz_t);
+
+#if defined (__cplusplus)
+}
+#endif
+#endif /* __MINI_GMP_H__ */
--- a/include/utils.h
+++ b/include/utils.h
@@ -9,14 +9,14 @@
#include <unistd.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <list.h>
-#include <gmp.h>
+#include <bignum.h>
#define BITS_PER_BYTE 8
#ifdef DEBUG
#define pr_debug(fmt, arg...) gmp_printf(fmt, ##arg)
#else
-#define pr_debug(fmt, arg...) ({ if (false) gmp_printf(fmt, ##arg); 0; })
+#define pr_debug(fmt, arg...)
#endif
#define __fmtstring(x, y) __attribute__((format(printf, x, y)))
--- a/src/Makefile.in
+++ b/src/Makefile.in
@@ -31,3 +31,8 @@ nft-extra-clean-files += parser.c parser
nft-obj += scanner.o
nft-extra-clean-files += scanner.c scanner.h
+
+ifneq (@with_libgmp@,yes)
+nft-obj += mini-gmp.o
+nft-obj += mini-gmp-printf.o
+endif
--- a/src/datatype.c
+++ b/src/datatype.c
@@ -267,11 +267,9 @@ static struct error_record *integer_type
struct expr **res)
{
mpz_t v;
- int len;
mpz_init(v);
- if (gmp_sscanf(sym->identifier, "%Zu%n", v, &len) != 1 ||
- (int)strlen(sym->identifier) != len) {
+ if (mpz_set_str(v, sym->identifier, 0)) {
mpz_clear(v);
if (sym->dtype != &integer_type)
return NULL;
--- a/src/erec.c
+++ b/src/erec.c
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ static void erec_destroy(struct error_re
xfree(erec);
}
+__attribute__((format(printf, 3, 0)))
struct error_record *erec_vcreate(enum error_record_types type,
const struct location *loc,
const char *fmt, va_list ap)
@@ -54,10 +55,11 @@ struct error_record *erec_vcreate(enum e
erec->num_locations = 0;
erec_add_location(erec, loc);
- gmp_vasprintf(&erec->msg, fmt, ap);
+ if (vasprintf(&erec->msg, fmt, ap)) {}
return erec;
}
+__attribute__((format(printf, 3, 4)))
struct error_record *erec_create(enum error_record_types type,
const struct location *loc,
const char *fmt, ...)
--- a/src/evaluate.c
+++ b/src/evaluate.c
@@ -232,9 +232,13 @@ static int expr_evaluate_value(struct ev
case TYPE_INTEGER:
mpz_init_bitmask(mask, ctx->ectx.len);
if (mpz_cmp((*expr)->value, mask) > 0) {
+ char *valstr = mpz_get_str(NULL, 10, (*expr)->value);
+ char *rangestr = mpz_get_str(NULL, 10, mask);
expr_error(ctx->msgs, *expr,
- "Value %Zu exceeds valid range 0-%Zu",
- (*expr)->value, mask);
+ "Value %s exceeds valid range 0-%s",
+ valstr, rangestr);
+ free(valstr);
+ free(rangestr);
mpz_clear(mask);
return -1;
}
--- a/src/gmputil.c
+++ b/src/gmputil.c
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
-#include <gmp.h>
#include <nftables.h>
#include <datatype.h>
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/mini-gmp-printf.c
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <bignum.h>
+
+// nftables mostly uses gmp_printf as below so we build a minimalistic
+// version to avoid the awkwardness of wrapping printf.
+// This requires rewriting other occurences of gmp_printf or
+// variants which are rare (only 1 so far).
+// Also we exclude pr_debug here since this is a rathole
+// and if debugging is desired then libgmp can be used.
+
+int gmp_printf(const char *f, const mpz_t value)
+{
+ int n = 0;
+ while (*f) {
+ if (*f != '%') {
+ if (fputc(*f, stdout) != *f)
+ return -1;
+
+ ++n;
+ } else {
+ unsigned long prec = 0;
+ int base;
+ size_t len;
+ char *str;
+ bool ok;
+
+ if (*++f == '.')
+ prec = strtoul(++f, (char**)&f, 10);
+
+ if (*f++ != 'Z')
+ return -1;
+
+ if (*f == 'u')
+ base = 10;
+ else if (*f == 'x')
+ base = 16;
+ else
+ return -1;
+
+ len = mpz_sizeinbase(value, base);
+ while (prec-- > len) {
+ if (fputc('0', stdout) != '0')
+ return -1;
+
+ ++n;
+ }
+
+ str = mpz_get_str(NULL, base, value);
+ ok = str && fwrite(str, 1, len, stdout) == len;
+ free(str);
+
+ if (!ok)
+ return -1;
+
+ n += len;
+ }
+ ++f;
+ }
+ return n;
+}
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/mini-gmp.c
@@ -0,0 +1,4386 @@
+/* mini-gmp, a minimalistic implementation of a GNU GMP subset.
+
+ Contributed to the GNU project by Niels Möller
+
+Copyright 1991-1997, 1999-2014 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+This file is part of the GNU MP Library.
+
+The GNU MP Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of either:
+
+ * the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free
+ Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at your
+ option) any later version.
+
+or
+
+ * the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+ Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any
+ later version.
+
+or both in parallel, as here.
+
+The GNU MP Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY
+or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
+for more details.
+
+You should have received copies of the GNU General Public License and the
+GNU Lesser General Public License along with the GNU MP Library. If not,
+see https://www.gnu.org/licenses/. */
+
+/* NOTE: All functions in this file which are not declared in
+ mini-gmp.h are internal, and are not intended to be compatible
+ neither with GMP nor with future versions of mini-gmp. */
+
+/* Much of the material copied from GMP files, including: gmp-impl.h,
+ longlong.h, mpn/generic/add_n.c, mpn/generic/addmul_1.c,
+ mpn/generic/lshift.c, mpn/generic/mul_1.c,
+ mpn/generic/mul_basecase.c, mpn/generic/rshift.c,
+ mpn/generic/sbpi1_div_qr.c, mpn/generic/sub_n.c,
+ mpn/generic/submul_1.c. */
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "mini-gmp.h"
+
+
+/* Macros */
+#define GMP_LIMB_BITS (sizeof(mp_limb_t) * CHAR_BIT)
+
+#define GMP_LIMB_MAX (~ (mp_limb_t) 0)
+#define GMP_LIMB_HIGHBIT ((mp_limb_t) 1 << (GMP_LIMB_BITS - 1))
+
+#define GMP_HLIMB_BIT ((mp_limb_t) 1 << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2))
+#define GMP_LLIMB_MASK (GMP_HLIMB_BIT - 1)
+
+#define GMP_ULONG_BITS (sizeof(unsigned long) * CHAR_BIT)
+#define GMP_ULONG_HIGHBIT ((unsigned long) 1 << (GMP_ULONG_BITS - 1))
+
+#define GMP_ABS(x) ((x) >= 0 ? (x) : -(x))
+#define GMP_NEG_CAST(T,x) (-((T)((x) + 1) - 1))
+
+#define GMP_MIN(a, b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))
+#define GMP_MAX(a, b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))
+
+#define gmp_assert_nocarry(x) do { \
+ mp_limb_t __cy = x; \
+ assert (__cy == 0); \
+ } while (0)
+
+#define gmp_clz(count, x) do { \
+ mp_limb_t __clz_x = (x); \
+ unsigned __clz_c; \
+ for (__clz_c = 0; \
+ (__clz_x & ((mp_limb_t) 0xff << (GMP_LIMB_BITS - 8))) == 0; \
+ __clz_c += 8) \
+ __clz_x <<= 8; \
+ for (; (__clz_x & GMP_LIMB_HIGHBIT) == 0; __clz_c++) \
+ __clz_x <<= 1; \
+ (count) = __clz_c; \
+ } while (0)
+
+#define gmp_ctz(count, x) do { \
+ mp_limb_t __ctz_x = (x); \
+ unsigned __ctz_c = 0; \
+ gmp_clz (__ctz_c, __ctz_x & - __ctz_x); \
+ (count) = GMP_LIMB_BITS - 1 - __ctz_c; \
+ } while (0)
+
+#define gmp_add_ssaaaa(sh, sl, ah, al, bh, bl) \
+ do { \
+ mp_limb_t __x; \
+ __x = (al) + (bl); \
+ (sh) = (ah) + (bh) + (__x < (al)); \
+ (sl) = __x; \
+ } while (0)
+
+#define gmp_sub_ddmmss(sh, sl, ah, al, bh, bl) \
+ do { \
+ mp_limb_t __x; \
+ __x = (al) - (bl); \
+ (sh) = (ah) - (bh) - ((al) < (bl)); \
+ (sl) = __x; \
+ } while (0)
+
+#define gmp_umul_ppmm(w1, w0, u, v) \
+ do { \
+ mp_limb_t __x0, __x1, __x2, __x3; \
+ unsigned __ul, __vl, __uh, __vh; \
+ mp_limb_t __u = (u), __v = (v); \
+ \
+ __ul = __u & GMP_LLIMB_MASK; \
+ __uh = __u >> (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2); \
+ __vl = __v & GMP_LLIMB_MASK; \
+ __vh = __v >> (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2); \
+ \
+ __x0 = (mp_limb_t) __ul * __vl; \
+ __x1 = (mp_limb_t) __ul * __vh; \
+ __x2 = (mp_limb_t) __uh * __vl; \
+ __x3 = (mp_limb_t) __uh * __vh; \
+ \
+ __x1 += __x0 >> (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2);/* this can't give carry */ \
+ __x1 += __x2; /* but this indeed can */ \
+ if (__x1 < __x2) /* did we get it? */ \
+ __x3 += GMP_HLIMB_BIT; /* yes, add it in the proper pos. */ \
+ \
+ (w1) = __x3 + (__x1 >> (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2)); \
+ (w0) = (__x1 << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2)) + (__x0 & GMP_LLIMB_MASK); \
+ } while (0)
+
+#define gmp_udiv_qrnnd_preinv(q, r, nh, nl, d, di) \
+ do { \
+ mp_limb_t _qh, _ql, _r, _mask; \
+ gmp_umul_ppmm (_qh, _ql, (nh), (di)); \
+ gmp_add_ssaaaa (_qh, _ql, _qh, _ql, (nh) + 1, (nl)); \
+ _r = (nl) - _qh * (d); \
+ _mask = -(mp_limb_t) (_r > _ql); /* both > and >= are OK */ \
+ _qh += _mask; \
+ _r += _mask & (d); \
+ if (_r >= (d)) \
+ { \
+ _r -= (d); \
+ _qh++; \
+ } \
+ \
+ (r) = _r; \
+ (q) = _qh; \
+ } while (0)
+
+#define gmp_udiv_qr_3by2(q, r1, r0, n2, n1, n0, d1, d0, dinv) \
+ do { \
+ mp_limb_t _q0, _t1, _t0, _mask; \
+ gmp_umul_ppmm ((q), _q0, (n2), (dinv)); \
+ gmp_add_ssaaaa ((q), _q0, (q), _q0, (n2), (n1)); \
+ \
+ /* Compute the two most significant limbs of n - q'd */ \
+ (r1) = (n1) - (d1) * (q); \
+ gmp_sub_ddmmss ((r1), (r0), (r1), (n0), (d1), (d0)); \
+ gmp_umul_ppmm (_t1, _t0, (d0), (q)); \
+ gmp_sub_ddmmss ((r1), (r0), (r1), (r0), _t1, _t0); \
+ (q)++; \
+ \
+ /* Conditionally adjust q and the remainders */ \
+ _mask = - (mp_limb_t) ((r1) >= _q0); \
+ (q) += _mask; \
+ gmp_add_ssaaaa ((r1), (r0), (r1), (r0), _mask & (d1), _mask & (d0)); \
+ if ((r1) >= (d1)) \
+ { \
+ if ((r1) > (d1) || (r0) >= (d0)) \
+ { \
+ (q)++; \
+ gmp_sub_ddmmss ((r1), (r0), (r1), (r0), (d1), (d0)); \
+ } \
+ } \
+ } while (0)
+
+/* Swap macros. */
+#define MP_LIMB_T_SWAP(x, y) \
+ do { \
+ mp_limb_t __mp_limb_t_swap__tmp = (x); \
+ (x) = (y); \
+ (y) = __mp_limb_t_swap__tmp; \
+ } while (0)
+#define MP_SIZE_T_SWAP(x, y) \
+ do { \
+ mp_size_t __mp_size_t_swap__tmp = (x); \
+ (x) = (y); \
+ (y) = __mp_size_t_swap__tmp; \
+ } while (0)
+#define MP_BITCNT_T_SWAP(x,y) \
+ do { \
+ mp_bitcnt_t __mp_bitcnt_t_swap__tmp = (x); \
+ (x) = (y); \
+ (y) = __mp_bitcnt_t_swap__tmp; \
+ } while (0)
+#define MP_PTR_SWAP(x, y) \
+ do { \
+ mp_ptr __mp_ptr_swap__tmp = (x); \
+ (x) = (y); \
+ (y) = __mp_ptr_swap__tmp; \
+ } while (0)
+#define MP_SRCPTR_SWAP(x, y) \
+ do { \
+ mp_srcptr __mp_srcptr_swap__tmp = (x); \
+ (x) = (y); \
+ (y) = __mp_srcptr_swap__tmp; \
+ } while (0)
+
+#define MPN_PTR_SWAP(xp,xs, yp,ys) \
+ do { \
+ MP_PTR_SWAP (xp, yp); \
+ MP_SIZE_T_SWAP (xs, ys); \
+ } while(0)
+#define MPN_SRCPTR_SWAP(xp,xs, yp,ys) \
+ do { \
+ MP_SRCPTR_SWAP (xp, yp); \
+ MP_SIZE_T_SWAP (xs, ys); \
+ } while(0)
+
+#define MPZ_PTR_SWAP(x, y) \
+ do { \
+ mpz_ptr __mpz_ptr_swap__tmp = (x); \
+ (x) = (y); \
+ (y) = __mpz_ptr_swap__tmp; \
+ } while (0)
+#define MPZ_SRCPTR_SWAP(x, y) \
+ do { \
+ mpz_srcptr __mpz_srcptr_swap__tmp = (x); \
+ (x) = (y); \
+ (y) = __mpz_srcptr_swap__tmp; \
+ } while (0)
+
+const int mp_bits_per_limb = GMP_LIMB_BITS;
+
+
+/* Memory allocation and other helper functions. */
+static void
+gmp_die (const char *msg)
+{
+ fprintf (stderr, "%s\n", msg);
+ abort();
+}
+
+static void *
+gmp_default_alloc (size_t size)
+{
+ void *p;
+
+ assert (size > 0);
+
+ p = malloc (size);
+ if (!p)
+ gmp_die("gmp_default_alloc: Virtual memory exhausted.");
+
+ return p;
+}
+
+static void *
+gmp_default_realloc (void *old, size_t old_size, size_t new_size)
+{
+ mp_ptr p;
+
+ p = realloc (old, new_size);
+
+ if (!p)
+ gmp_die("gmp_default_realoc: Virtual memory exhausted.");
+
+ return p;
+}
+
+static void
+gmp_default_free (void *p, size_t size)
+{
+ free (p);
+}
+
+static void * (*gmp_allocate_func) (size_t) = gmp_default_alloc;
+static void * (*gmp_reallocate_func) (void *, size_t, size_t) = gmp_default_realloc;
+static void (*gmp_free_func) (void *, size_t) = gmp_default_free;
+
+void
+mp_get_memory_functions (void *(**alloc_func) (size_t),
+ void *(**realloc_func) (void *, size_t, size_t),
+ void (**free_func) (void *, size_t))
+{
+ if (alloc_func)
+ *alloc_func = gmp_allocate_func;
+
+ if (realloc_func)
+ *realloc_func = gmp_reallocate_func;
+
+ if (free_func)
+ *free_func = gmp_free_func;
+}
+
+void
+mp_set_memory_functions (void *(*alloc_func) (size_t),
+ void *(*realloc_func) (void *, size_t, size_t),
+ void (*free_func) (void *, size_t))
+{
+ if (!alloc_func)
+ alloc_func = gmp_default_alloc;
+ if (!realloc_func)
+ realloc_func = gmp_default_realloc;
+ if (!free_func)
+ free_func = gmp_default_free;
+
+ gmp_allocate_func = alloc_func;
+ gmp_reallocate_func = realloc_func;
+ gmp_free_func = free_func;
+}
+
+#define gmp_xalloc(size) ((*gmp_allocate_func)((size)))
+#define gmp_free(p) ((*gmp_free_func) ((p), 0))
+
+static mp_ptr
+gmp_xalloc_limbs (mp_size_t size)
+{
+ return gmp_xalloc (size * sizeof (mp_limb_t));
+}
+
+static mp_ptr
+gmp_xrealloc_limbs (mp_ptr old, mp_size_t size)
+{
+ assert (size > 0);
+ return (*gmp_reallocate_func) (old, 0, size * sizeof (mp_limb_t));
+}
+
+
+/* MPN interface */
+
+void
+mpn_copyi (mp_ptr d, mp_srcptr s, mp_size_t n)
+{
+ mp_size_t i;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+ d[i] = s[i];
+}
+
+void
+mpn_copyd (mp_ptr d, mp_srcptr s, mp_size_t n)
+{
+ while (n-- > 0)
+ d[n] = s[n];
+}
+
+int
+mpn_cmp (mp_srcptr ap, mp_srcptr bp, mp_size_t n)
+{
+ while (--n >= 0)
+ {
+ if (ap[n] != bp[n])
+ return ap[n] > bp[n] ? 1 : -1;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+mpn_cmp4 (mp_srcptr ap, mp_size_t an, mp_srcptr bp, mp_size_t bn)
+{
+ if (an != bn)
+ return an < bn ? -1 : 1;
+ else
+ return mpn_cmp (ap, bp, an);
+}
+
+static mp_size_t
+mpn_normalized_size (mp_srcptr xp, mp_size_t n)
+{
+ for (; n > 0 && xp[n-1] == 0; n--)
+ ;
+ return n;
+}
+
+#define mpn_zero_p(xp, n) (mpn_normalized_size ((xp), (n)) == 0)
+
+void
+mpn_zero (mp_ptr rp, mp_size_t n)
+{
+ mp_size_t i;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+ rp[i] = 0;
+}
+
+mp_limb_t
+mpn_add_1 (mp_ptr rp, mp_srcptr ap, mp_size_t n, mp_limb_t b)
+{
+ mp_size_t i;
+
+ assert (n > 0);
+ i = 0;
+ do
+ {
+ mp_limb_t r = ap[i] + b;
+ /* Carry out */
+ b = (r < b);
+ rp[i] = r;
+ }
+ while (++i < n);
+
+ return b;
+}
+
+mp_limb_t
+mpn_add_n (mp_ptr rp, mp_srcptr ap, mp_srcptr bp, mp_size_t n)
+{
+ mp_size_t i;
+ mp_limb_t cy;
+
+ for (i = 0, cy = 0; i < n; i++)
+ {
+ mp_limb_t a, b, r;
+ a = ap[i]; b = bp[i];
+ r = a + cy;
+ cy = (r < cy);
+ r += b;
+ cy += (r < b);
+ rp[i] = r;
+ }
+ return cy;
+}
+
+mp_limb_t
+mpn_add (mp_ptr rp, mp_srcptr ap, mp_size_t an, mp_srcptr bp, mp_size_t bn)
+{
+ mp_limb_t cy;
+
+ assert (an >= bn);
+
+ cy = mpn_add_n (rp, ap, bp, bn);
+ if (an > bn)
+ cy = mpn_add_1 (rp + bn, ap + bn, an - bn, cy);
+ return cy;
+}
+
+mp_limb_t
+mpn_sub_1 (mp_ptr rp, mp_srcptr ap, mp_size_t n, mp_limb_t b)
+{
+ mp_size_t i;
+
+ assert (n > 0);
+
+ i = 0;
+ do
+ {
+ mp_limb_t a = ap[i];
+ /* Carry out */
+ mp_limb_t cy = a < b;;
+ rp[i] = a - b;
+ b = cy;
+ }
+ while (++i < n);
+
+ return b;
+}
+
+mp_limb_t
+mpn_sub_n (mp_ptr rp, mp_srcptr ap, mp_srcptr bp, mp_size_t n)
+{
+ mp_size_t i;
+ mp_limb_t cy;
+
+ for (i = 0, cy = 0; i < n; i++)
+ {
+ mp_limb_t a, b;
+ a = ap[i]; b = bp[i];
+ b += cy;
+ cy = (b < cy);
+ cy += (a < b);
+ rp[i] = a - b;
+ }
+ return cy;
+}
+
+mp_limb_t
+mpn_sub (mp_ptr rp, mp_srcptr ap, mp_size_t an, mp_srcptr bp, mp_size_t bn)
+{
+ mp_limb_t cy;
+
+ assert (an >= bn);
+
+ cy = mpn_sub_n (rp, ap, bp, bn);
+ if (an > bn)
+ cy = mpn_sub_1 (rp + bn, ap + bn, an - bn, cy);
+ return cy;
+}
+
+mp_limb_t
+mpn_mul_1 (mp_ptr rp, mp_srcptr up, mp_size_t n, mp_limb_t vl)
+{
+ mp_limb_t ul, cl, hpl, lpl;
+
+ assert (n >= 1);
+
+ cl = 0;
+ do
+ {
+ ul = *up++;
+ gmp_umul_ppmm (hpl, lpl, ul, vl);
+
+ lpl += cl;
+ cl = (lpl < cl) + hpl;
+
+ *rp++ = lpl;
+ }
+ while (--n != 0);
+
+ return cl;
+}
+
+mp_limb_t
+mpn_addmul_1 (mp_ptr rp, mp_srcptr up, mp_size_t n, mp_limb_t vl)
+{
+ mp_limb_t ul, cl, hpl, lpl, rl;
+
+ assert (n >= 1);
+
+ cl = 0;
+ do
+ {
+ ul = *up++;
+ gmp_umul_ppmm (hpl, lpl, ul, vl);
+
+ lpl += cl;
+ cl = (lpl < cl) + hpl;
+
+ rl = *rp;
+ lpl = rl + lpl;
+ cl += lpl < rl;
+ *rp++ = lpl;
+ }
+ while (--n != 0);
+
+ return cl;
+}
+
+mp_limb_t
+mpn_submul_1 (mp_ptr rp, mp_srcptr up, mp_size_t n, mp_limb_t vl)
+{
+ mp_limb_t ul, cl, hpl, lpl, rl;
+
+ assert (n >= 1);
+
+ cl = 0;
+ do
+ {
+ ul = *up++;
+ gmp_umul_ppmm (hpl, lpl, ul, vl);
+
+ lpl += cl;
+ cl = (lpl < cl) + hpl;
+
+ rl = *rp;
+ lpl = rl - lpl;
+ cl += lpl > rl;
+ *rp++ = lpl;
+ }
+ while (--n != 0);
+
+ return cl;
+}
+
+mp_limb_t
+mpn_mul (mp_ptr rp, mp_srcptr up, mp_size_t un, mp_srcptr vp, mp_size_t vn)
+{
+ assert (un >= vn);
+ assert (vn >= 1);
+
+ /* We first multiply by the low order limb. This result can be
+ stored, not added, to rp. We also avoid a loop for zeroing this
+ way. */
+
+ rp[un] = mpn_mul_1 (rp, up, un, vp[0]);
+ rp += 1, vp += 1, vn -= 1;
+
+ /* Now accumulate the product of up[] and the next higher limb from
+ vp[]. */
+
+ while (vn >= 1)
+ {
+ rp[un] = mpn_addmul_1 (rp, up, un, vp[0]);
+ rp += 1, vp += 1, vn -= 1;
+ }
+ return rp[un - 1];
+}
+
+void
+mpn_mul_n (mp_ptr rp, mp_srcptr ap, mp_srcptr bp, mp_size_t n)
+{
+ mpn_mul (rp, ap, n, bp, n);
+}
+
+void
+mpn_sqr (mp_ptr rp, mp_srcptr ap, mp_size_t n)
+{
+ mpn_mul (rp, ap, n, ap, n);
+}
+
+mp_limb_t
+mpn_lshift (mp_ptr rp, mp_srcptr up, mp_size_t n, unsigned int cnt)
+{
+ mp_limb_t high_limb, low_limb;
+ unsigned int tnc;
+ mp_size_t i;
+ mp_limb_t retval;
+
+ assert (n >= 1);
+ assert (cnt >= 1);
+ assert (cnt < GMP_LIMB_BITS);
+
+ up += n;
+ rp += n;
+
+ tnc = GMP_LIMB_BITS - cnt;
+ low_limb = *--up;
+ retval = low_limb >> tnc;
+ high_limb = (low_limb << cnt);
+
+ for (i = n; --i != 0;)
+ {
+ low_limb = *--up;
+ *--rp = high_limb | (low_limb >> tnc);
+ high_limb = (low_limb << cnt);
+ }
+ *--rp = high_limb;
+
+ return retval;
+}
+
+mp_limb_t
+mpn_rshift (mp_ptr rp, mp_srcptr up, mp_size_t n, unsigned int cnt)
+{
+ mp_limb_t high_limb, low_limb;
+ unsigned int tnc;
+ mp_size_t i;
+ mp_limb_t retval;
+
+ assert (n >= 1);
+ assert (cnt >= 1);
+ assert (cnt < GMP_LIMB_BITS);
+
+ tnc = GMP_LIMB_BITS - cnt;
+ high_limb = *up++;
+ retval = (high_limb << tnc);
+ low_limb = high_limb >> cnt;
+
+ for (i = n; --i != 0;)
+ {
+ high_limb = *up++;
+ *rp++ = low_limb | (high_limb << tnc);
+ low_limb = high_limb >> cnt;
+ }
+ *rp = low_limb;
+
+ return retval;
+}
+
+static mp_bitcnt_t
+mpn_common_scan (mp_limb_t limb, mp_size_t i, mp_srcptr up, mp_size_t un,
+ mp_limb_t ux)
+{
+ unsigned cnt;
+
+ assert (ux == 0 || ux == GMP_LIMB_MAX);
+ assert (0 <= i && i <= un );
+
+ while (limb == 0)
+ {
+ i++;
+ if (i == un)
+ return (ux == 0 ? ~(mp_bitcnt_t) 0 : un * GMP_LIMB_BITS);
+ limb = ux ^ up[i];
+ }
+ gmp_ctz (cnt, limb);
+ return (mp_bitcnt_t) i * GMP_LIMB_BITS + cnt;
+}
+
+mp_bitcnt_t
+mpn_scan1 (mp_srcptr ptr, mp_bitcnt_t bit)
+{
+ mp_size_t i;
+ i = bit / GMP_LIMB_BITS;
+
+ return mpn_common_scan ( ptr[i] & (GMP_LIMB_MAX << (bit % GMP_LIMB_BITS)),
+ i, ptr, i, 0);
+}
+
+mp_bitcnt_t
+mpn_scan0 (mp_srcptr ptr, mp_bitcnt_t bit)
+{
+ mp_size_t i;
+ i = bit / GMP_LIMB_BITS;
+
+ return mpn_common_scan (~ptr[i] & (GMP_LIMB_MAX << (bit % GMP_LIMB_BITS)),
+ i, ptr, i, GMP_LIMB_MAX);
+}
+
+
+/* MPN division interface. */
+mp_limb_t
+mpn_invert_3by2 (mp_limb_t u1, mp_limb_t u0)
+{
+ mp_limb_t r, p, m;
+ unsigned ul, uh;
+ unsigned ql, qh;
+
+ /* First, do a 2/1 inverse. */
+ /* The inverse m is defined as floor( (B^2 - 1 - u1)/u1 ), so that 0 <
+ * B^2 - (B + m) u1 <= u1 */
+ assert (u1 >= GMP_LIMB_HIGHBIT);
+
+ ul = u1 & GMP_LLIMB_MASK;
+ uh = u1 >> (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2);
+
+ qh = ~u1 / uh;
+ r = ((~u1 - (mp_limb_t) qh * uh) << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2)) | GMP_LLIMB_MASK;
+
+ p = (mp_limb_t) qh * ul;
+ /* Adjustment steps taken from udiv_qrnnd_c */
+ if (r < p)
+ {
+ qh--;
+ r += u1;
+ if (r >= u1) /* i.e. we didn't get carry when adding to r */
+ if (r < p)
+ {
+ qh--;
+ r += u1;
+ }
+ }
+ r -= p;
+
+ /* Do a 3/2 division (with half limb size) */
+ p = (r >> (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2)) * qh + r;
+ ql = (p >> (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2)) + 1;
+
+ /* By the 3/2 method, we don't need the high half limb. */
+ r = (r << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2)) + GMP_LLIMB_MASK - ql * u1;
+
+ if (r >= (p << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2)))
+ {
+ ql--;
+ r += u1;
+ }
+ m = ((mp_limb_t) qh << (GMP_LIMB_BITS / 2)) + ql;
+ if (r >= u1)
+ {
+ m++;
+ r -= u1;
+ }
+
+ if (u0 > 0)
+ {
+ mp_limb_t th, tl;
+ r = ~r;
+ r += u0;
+ if (r < u0)
+ {
+ m--;
+ if (r >= u1)
+ {
+ m--;
+ r -= u1;
+ }
+ r -= u1;
+ }
+ gmp_umul_ppmm (th, tl, u0, m);
+ r += th;
+ if (r < th)
+ {
+ m--;
+ m -= ((r > u1) | ((r == u1) & (tl > u0)));
+ }
+ }
+
+ return m;
+}
+
+struct gmp_div_inverse
+{
+ /* Normalization shift count. */
+ unsigned shift;
+ /* Normalized divisor (d0 unused for mpn_div_qr_1) */
+ mp_limb_t d1, d0;
+ /* Inverse, for 2/1 or 3/2. */
+ mp_limb_t di;
+};
+
+static void
+mpn_div_qr_1_invert (struct gmp_div_inverse *inv, mp_limb_t d)
+{
+ unsigned shift;
+
+ assert (d > 0);
+ gmp_clz (shift, d);
+ inv->shift = shift;
+ inv->d1 = d << shift;
+ inv->di = mpn_invert_limb (inv->d1);
+}
+
+static void
+mpn_div_qr_2_invert (struct gmp_div_inverse *inv,
+ mp_limb_t d1, mp_limb_t d0)
+{
+ unsigned shift;
+
+ assert (d1 > 0);
+ gmp_clz (shift, d1);
+ inv->shift = shift;
+ if (shift > 0)
+ {
+ d1 = (d1 << shift) | (d0 >> (GMP_LIMB_BITS - shift));
+ d0 <<= shift;
+ }
+ inv->d1 = d1;
+ inv->d0 = d0;
+ inv->di = mpn_invert_3by2 (d1, d0);
+}
+
+static void
+mpn_div_qr_invert (struct gmp_div_inverse *inv,
+ mp_srcptr dp, mp_size_t dn)
+{
+ assert (dn > 0);
+
+ if (dn == 1)
+ mpn_div_qr_1_invert (inv, dp[0]);
+ else if (dn == 2)
+ mpn_div_qr_2_invert (inv, dp[1], dp[0]);
+ else
+ {
+ unsigned shift;
+ mp_limb_t d1, d0;
+
+ d1 = dp[dn-1];
+ d0 = dp[dn-2];
+ assert (d1 > 0);
+ gmp_clz (shift, d1);
+ inv->shift = shift;
+ if (shift > 0)
+ {
+ d1 = (d1 << shift) | (d0 >> (GMP_LIMB_BITS - shift));
+ d0 = (d0 << shift) | (dp[dn-3] >> (GMP_LIMB_BITS - shift));
+ }
+ inv->d1 = d1;
+ inv->d0 = d0;
+ inv->di = mpn_invert_3by2 (d1, d0);
+ }
+}
+
+/* Not matching current public gmp interface, rather corresponding to
+ the sbpi1_div_* functions. */
+static mp_limb_t
+mpn_div_qr_1_preinv (mp_ptr qp, mp_srcptr np, mp_size_t nn,
+ const struct gmp_div_inverse *inv)
+{
+ mp_limb_t d, di;
+ mp_limb_t r;
+ mp_ptr tp = NULL;
+
+ if (inv->shift > 0)
+ {
+ tp = gmp_xalloc_limbs (nn);
+ r = mpn_lshift (tp, np, nn, inv->shift);
+ np = tp;
+ }
+ else
+ r = 0;
+
+ d = inv->d1;
+ di = inv->di;
+ while (nn-- > 0)
+ {
+ mp_limb_t q;
+
+ gmp_udiv_qrnnd_preinv (q, r, r, np[nn], d, di);
+ if (qp)
+ qp[nn] = q;
+ }
+ if (inv->shift > 0)
+ gmp_free (tp);
+
+ return r >> inv->shift;
+}
+
+static mp_limb_t
+mpn_div_qr_1 (mp_ptr qp, mp_srcptr np, mp_size_t nn, mp_limb_t d)
+{
+ assert (d > 0);
+
+ /* Special case for powers of two. */
+ if ((d & (d-1)) == 0)
+ {
+ mp_limb_t r = np[0] & (d-1);
+ if (qp)
+ {
+ if (d <= 1)
+ mpn_copyi (qp, np, nn);
+ else
+ {
+ unsigned shift;
+ gmp_ctz (shift, d);
+ mpn_rshift (qp, np, nn, shift);
+ }
+ }
+ return r;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ struct gmp_div_inverse inv;
+ mpn_div_qr_1_invert (&inv, d);
+ return mpn_div_qr_1_preinv (qp, np, nn, &inv);
+ }
+}
+
+static void
+mpn_div_qr_2_preinv (mp_ptr qp, mp_ptr rp, mp_srcptr np, mp_size_t nn,
+ const struct gmp_div_inverse *inv)
+{
+ unsigned shift;
+ mp_size_t i;
+ mp_limb_t d1, d0, di, r1, r0;
+ mp_ptr tp;
+
+ assert (nn >= 2);
+ shift = inv->shift;
+ d1 = inv->d1;
+ d0 = inv->d0;
+ di = inv->di;
+
+ if (shift > 0)
+ {
+ tp = gmp_xalloc_limbs (nn);
+ r1 = mpn_lshift (tp, np, nn, shift);
+ np = tp;
+ }
+ else
+ r1 = 0;
+
+ r0 = np[nn - 1];
+
+ i = nn - 2;
+ do
+ {
+ mp_limb_t n0, q;
+ n0 = np[i];
+ gmp_udiv_qr_3by2 (q, r1, r0, r1, r0, n0, d1, d0, di);
+
+ if (qp)
+ qp[i] = q;
+ }
+ while (--i >= 0);
+
+ if (shift > 0)
+ {
+ assert ((r0 << (GMP_LIMB_BITS - shift)) == 0);
+ r0 = (r0 >> shift) | (r1 << (GMP_LIMB_BITS - shift));
+ r1 >>= shift;
+
+ gmp_free (tp);
+ }
+
+ rp[1] = r1;
+ rp[0] = r0;
+}
+
+#if 0
+static void
+mpn_div_qr_2 (mp_ptr qp, mp_ptr rp, mp_srcptr np, mp_size_t nn,
+ mp_limb_t d1, mp_limb_t d0)
+{
+ struct gmp_div_inverse inv;
+ assert (nn >= 2);
+
+ mpn_div_qr_2_invert (&inv, d1, d0);
+ mpn_div_qr_2_preinv (qp, rp, np, nn, &inv);
+}
+#endif
+
+static void
+mpn_div_qr_pi1 (mp_ptr qp,
+ mp_ptr np, mp_size_t nn, mp_limb_t n1,
+ mp_srcptr dp, mp_size_t dn,
+ mp_limb_t dinv)
+{
+ mp_size_t i;
+
+ mp_limb_t d1, d0;
+ mp_limb_t cy, cy1;
+ mp_limb_t q;
+
+ assert (dn > 2);
+ assert (nn >= dn);
+
+ d1 = dp[dn - 1];
+ d0 = dp[dn - 2];
+
+ assert ((d1 & GMP_LIMB_HIGHBIT) != 0);
+ /* Iteration variable is the index of the q limb.
+ *
+ * We divide <n1, np[dn-1+i], np[dn-2+i], np[dn-3+i],..., np[i]>
+ * by <d1, d0, dp[dn-3], ..., dp[0] >
+ */
+
+ i = nn - dn;
+ do
+ {
+ mp_limb_t n0 = np[dn-1+i];
+
+ if (n1 == d1 && n0 == d0)
+ {
+ q = GMP_LIMB_MAX;
+ mpn_submul_1 (np+i, dp, dn, q);
+ n1 = np[dn-1+i]; /* update n1, last loop's value will now be invalid */
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ gmp_udiv_qr_3by2 (q, n1, n0, n1, n0, np[dn-2+i], d1, d0, dinv);
+
+ cy = mpn_submul_1 (np + i, dp, dn-2, q);
+
+ cy1 = n0 < cy;
+ n0 = n0 - cy;
+ cy = n1 < cy1;
+ n1 = n1 - cy1;
+ np[dn-2+i] = n0;
+
+ if (cy != 0)
+ {
+ n1 += d1 + mpn_add_n (np + i, np + i, dp, dn - 1);
+ q--;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (qp)
+ qp[i] = q;
+ }
+ while (--i >= 0);
+
+ np[dn - 1] = n1;
+}
+
+static void
+mpn_div_qr_preinv (mp_ptr qp, mp_ptr np, mp_size_t nn,
+ mp_srcptr dp, mp_size_t dn,
+ const struct gmp_div_inverse *inv)
+{
+ assert (dn > 0);
+ assert (nn >= dn);
+
+ if (dn == 1)
+ np[0] = mpn_div_qr_1_preinv (qp, np, nn, inv);
+ else if (dn == 2)
+ mpn_div_qr_2_preinv (qp, np, np, nn, inv);
+ else
+ {
+ mp_limb_t nh;
+ unsigned shift;
+
+ assert (inv->d1 == dp[dn-1]);
+ assert (inv->d0 == dp[dn-2]);
+ assert ((inv->d1 & GMP_LIMB_HIGHBIT) != 0);
+
+ shift = inv->shift;
+ if (shift > 0)
+ nh = mpn_lshift (np, np, nn, shift);
+ else
+ nh = 0;
+
+ mpn_div_qr_pi1 (qp, np, nn, nh, dp, dn, inv->di);
+
+ if (shift > 0)
+ gmp_assert_nocarry (mpn_rshift (np, np, dn, shift));
+ }
+}
+
+static void
+mpn_div_qr (mp_ptr qp, mp_ptr np, mp_size_t nn, mp_srcptr dp, mp_size_t dn)
+{
+ struct gmp_div_inverse inv;
+ mp_ptr tp = NULL;
+
+ assert (dn > 0);
+ assert (nn >= dn);
+
+ mpn_div_qr_invert (&inv, dp, dn);
+ if (dn > 2 && inv.shift > 0)
+ {
+ tp = gmp_xalloc_limbs (dn);
+ gmp_assert_nocarry (mpn_lshift (tp, dp, dn, inv.shift));
+ dp = tp;
+ }
+ mpn_div_qr_preinv (qp, np, nn, dp, dn, &inv);
+ if (tp)
+ gmp_free (tp);
+}
+
+
+/* MPN base conversion. */
+static unsigned
+mpn_base_power_of_two_p (unsigned b)
+{
+ switch (b)
+ {
+ case 2: return 1;
+ case 4: return 2;
+ case 8: return 3;
+ case 16: return 4;
+ case 32: return 5;
+ case 64: return 6;
+ case 128: return 7;
+ case 256: return 8;
+ default: return 0;
+ }
+}
+
+struct mpn_base_info
+{
+ /* bb is the largest power of the base which fits in one limb, and
+ exp is the corresponding exponent. */
+ unsigned exp;
+ mp_limb_t bb;
+};
+
+static void
+mpn_get_base_info (struct mpn_base_info *info, mp_limb_t b)
+{
+ mp_limb_t m;
+ mp_limb_t p;
+ unsigned exp;
+
+ m = GMP_LIMB_MAX / b;
+ for (exp = 1, p = b; p <= m; exp++)
+ p *= b;
+
+ info->exp = exp;
+ info->bb = p;
+}
+
+static mp_bitcnt_t
+mpn_limb_size_in_base_2 (mp_limb_t u)
+{
+ unsigned shift;
+
+ assert (u > 0);
+ gmp_clz (shift, u);
+ return GMP_LIMB_BITS - shift;
+}
+
+static size_t
+mpn_get_str_bits (unsigned char *sp, unsigned bits, mp_srcptr up, mp_size_t un)
+{
+ unsigned char mask;
+ size_t sn, j;
+ mp_size_t i;
+ int shift;
+
+ sn = ((un - 1) * GMP_LIMB_BITS + mpn_limb_size_in_base_2 (up[un-1])
+ + bits - 1) / bits;
+
+ mask = (1U << bits) - 1;
+
+ for (i = 0, j = sn, shift = 0; j-- > 0;)
+ {
+ unsigned char digit = up[i] >> shift;
+
+ shift += bits;
+
+ if (shift >= GMP_LIMB_BITS && ++i < un)
+ {
+ shift -= GMP_LIMB_BITS;
+ digit |= up[i] << (bits - shift);
+ }
+ sp[j] = digit & mask;
+ }
+ return sn;
+}
+
+/* We generate digits from the least significant end, and reverse at
+ the end. */
+static size_t
+mpn_limb_get_str (unsigned char *sp, mp_limb_t w,
+ const struct gmp_div_inverse *binv)
+{
+ mp_size_t i;
+ for (i = 0; w > 0; i++)
+ {
+ mp_limb_t h, l, r;
+
+ h = w >> (GMP_LIMB_BITS - binv->shift);
+ l = w << binv->shift;
+
+ gmp_udiv_qrnnd_preinv (w, r, h, l, binv->d1, binv->di);
+ assert ( (r << (GMP_LIMB_BITS - binv->shift)) == 0);
+ r >>= binv->shift;
+
+ sp[i] = r;
+ }
+ return i;
+}
+
+static size_t
+mpn_get_str_other (unsigned char *sp,
+ int base, const struct mpn_base_info *info,
+ mp_ptr up, mp_size_t un)
+{
+ struct gmp_div_inverse binv;
+ size_t sn;
+ size_t i;
+
+ mpn_div_qr_1_invert (&binv, base);
+
+ sn = 0;
+
+ if (un > 1)
+ {
+ struct gmp_div_inverse bbinv;
+ mpn_div_qr_1_invert (&bbinv, info->bb);
+
+ do
+ {
+ mp_limb_t w;
+ size_t done;
+ w = mpn_div_qr_1_preinv (up, up, un, &bbinv);
+ un -= (up[un-1] == 0);
+ done = mpn_limb_get_str (sp + sn, w, &binv);
+
+ for (sn += done; done < info->exp; done++)
+ sp[sn++] = 0;
+ }
+ while (un > 1);
+ }
+ sn += mpn_limb_get_str (sp + sn, up[0], &binv);
+
+ /* Reverse order */
+ for (i = 0; 2*i + 1 < sn; i++)
+ {
+ unsigned char t = sp[i];
+ sp[i] = sp[sn - i - 1];
+ sp[sn - i - 1] = t;
+ }
+
+ return sn;
+}
+
+size_t
+mpn_get_str (unsigned char *sp, int base, mp_ptr up, mp_size_t un)
+{
+ unsigned bits;
+
+ assert (un > 0);
+ assert (up[un-1] > 0);
+
+ bits = mpn_base_power_of_two_p (base);
+ if (bits)
+ return mpn_get_str_bits (sp, bits, up, un);
+ else
+ {
+ struct mpn_base_info info;
+
+ mpn_get_base_info (&info, base);
+ return mpn_get_str_other (sp, base, &info, up, un);
+ }
+}
+
+static mp_size_t
+mpn_set_str_bits (mp_ptr rp, const unsigned char *sp, size_t sn,
+ unsigned bits)
+{
+ mp_size_t rn;
+ size_t j;
+ unsigned shift;
+
+ for (j = sn, rn = 0, shift = 0; j-- > 0; )
+ {
+ if (shift == 0)
+ {
+ rp[rn++] = sp[j];
+ shift += bits;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ rp[rn-1] |= (mp_limb_t) sp[j] << shift;
+ shift += bits;
+ if (shift >= GMP_LIMB_BITS)
+ {
+ shift -= GMP_LIMB_BITS;
+ if (shift > 0)
+ rp[rn++] = (mp_limb_t) sp[j] >> (bits - shift);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ rn = mpn_normalized_size (rp, rn);
+ return rn;
+}
+
+static mp_size_t
+mpn_set_str_other (mp_ptr rp, const unsigned char *sp, size_t sn,
+ mp_limb_t b, const struct mpn_base_info *info)
+{
+ mp_size_t rn;
+ mp_limb_t w;
+ unsigned k;
+ size_t j;
+
+ k = 1 + (sn - 1) % info->exp;
+
+ j = 0;
+ w = sp[j++];
+ for (; --k > 0; )
+ w = w * b + sp[j++];
+
+ rp[0] = w;
+
+ for (rn = (w > 0); j < sn;)
+ {
+ mp_limb_t cy;
+
+ w = sp[j++];
+ for (k = 1; k < info->exp; k++)
+ w = w * b + sp[j++];
+
+ cy = mpn_mul_1 (rp, rp, rn, info->bb);
+ cy += mpn_add_1 (rp, rp, rn, w);
+ if (cy > 0)
+ rp[rn++] = cy;
+ }
+ assert (j == sn);
+
+ return rn;
+}
+
+mp_size_t
+mpn_set_str (mp_ptr rp, const unsigned char *sp, size_t sn, int base)
+{
+ unsigned bits;
+
+ if (sn == 0)
+ return 0;
+
+ bits = mpn_base_power_of_two_p (base);
+ if (bits)
+ return mpn_set_str_bits (rp, sp, sn, bits);
+ else
+ {
+ struct mpn_base_info info;
+
+ mpn_get_base_info (&info, base);
+ return mpn_set_str_other (rp, sp, sn, base, &info);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/* MPZ interface */
+void
+mpz_init (mpz_t r)
+{
+ r->_mp_alloc = 1;
+ r->_mp_size = 0;
+ r->_mp_d = gmp_xalloc_limbs (1);
+}
+
+/* The utility of this function is a bit limited, since many functions
+ assigns the result variable using mpz_swap. */
+void
+mpz_init2 (mpz_t r, mp_bitcnt_t bits)
+{
+ mp_size_t rn;
+
+ bits -= (bits != 0); /* Round down, except if 0 */
+ rn = 1 + bits / GMP_LIMB_BITS;
+
+ r->_mp_alloc = rn;
+ r->_mp_size = 0;
+ r->_mp_d = gmp_xalloc_limbs (rn);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_clear (mpz_t r)
+{
+ gmp_free (r->_mp_d);
+}
+
+static void *
+mpz_realloc (mpz_t r, mp_size_t size)
+{
+ size = GMP_MAX (size, 1);
+
+ r->_mp_d = gmp_xrealloc_limbs (r->_mp_d, size);
+ r->_mp_alloc = size;
+
+ if (GMP_ABS (r->_mp_size) > size)
+ r->_mp_size = 0;
+
+ return r->_mp_d;
+}
+
+/* Realloc for an mpz_t WHAT if it has less than NEEDED limbs. */
+#define MPZ_REALLOC(z,n) ((n) > (z)->_mp_alloc \
+ ? mpz_realloc(z,n) \
+ : (z)->_mp_d)
+
+/* MPZ assignment and basic conversions. */
+void
+mpz_set_si (mpz_t r, signed long int x)
+{
+ if (x >= 0)
+ mpz_set_ui (r, x);
+ else /* (x < 0) */
+ {
+ r->_mp_size = -1;
+ r->_mp_d[0] = GMP_NEG_CAST (unsigned long int, x);
+ }
+}
+
+void
+mpz_set_ui (mpz_t r, unsigned long int x)
+{
+ if (x > 0)
+ {
+ r->_mp_size = 1;
+ r->_mp_d[0] = x;
+ }
+ else
+ r->_mp_size = 0;
+}
+
+void
+mpz_set (mpz_t r, const mpz_t x)
+{
+ /* Allow the NOP r == x */
+ if (r != x)
+ {
+ mp_size_t n;
+ mp_ptr rp;
+
+ n = GMP_ABS (x->_mp_size);
+ rp = MPZ_REALLOC (r, n);
+
+ mpn_copyi (rp, x->_mp_d, n);
+ r->_mp_size = x->_mp_size;
+ }
+}
+
+void
+mpz_init_set_si (mpz_t r, signed long int x)
+{
+ mpz_init (r);
+ mpz_set_si (r, x);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_init_set_ui (mpz_t r, unsigned long int x)
+{
+ mpz_init (r);
+ mpz_set_ui (r, x);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_init_set (mpz_t r, const mpz_t x)
+{
+ mpz_init (r);
+ mpz_set (r, x);
+}
+
+int
+mpz_fits_slong_p (const mpz_t u)
+{
+ mp_size_t us = u->_mp_size;
+
+ if (us == 0)
+ return 1;
+ else if (us == 1)
+ return u->_mp_d[0] < GMP_LIMB_HIGHBIT;
+ else if (us == -1)
+ return u->_mp_d[0] <= GMP_LIMB_HIGHBIT;
+ else
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int
+mpz_fits_ulong_p (const mpz_t u)
+{
+ mp_size_t us = u->_mp_size;
+
+ return (us == (us > 0));
+}
+
+long int
+mpz_get_si (const mpz_t u)
+{
+ mp_size_t us = u->_mp_size;
+
+ if (us > 0)
+ return (long) (u->_mp_d[0] & ~GMP_LIMB_HIGHBIT);
+ else if (us < 0)
+ return (long) (- u->_mp_d[0] | GMP_LIMB_HIGHBIT);
+ else
+ return 0;
+}
+
+unsigned long int
+mpz_get_ui (const mpz_t u)
+{
+ return u->_mp_size == 0 ? 0 : u->_mp_d[0];
+}
+
+size_t
+mpz_size (const mpz_t u)
+{
+ return GMP_ABS (u->_mp_size);
+}
+
+mp_limb_t
+mpz_getlimbn (const mpz_t u, mp_size_t n)
+{
+ if (n >= 0 && n < GMP_ABS (u->_mp_size))
+ return u->_mp_d[n];
+ else
+ return 0;
+}
+
+void
+mpz_realloc2 (mpz_t x, mp_bitcnt_t n)
+{
+ mpz_realloc (x, 1 + (n - (n != 0)) / GMP_LIMB_BITS);
+}
+
+mp_srcptr
+mpz_limbs_read (mpz_srcptr x)
+{
+ return x->_mp_d;;
+}
+
+mp_ptr
+mpz_limbs_modify (mpz_t x, mp_size_t n)
+{
+ assert (n > 0);
+ return MPZ_REALLOC (x, n);
+}
+
+mp_ptr
+mpz_limbs_write (mpz_t x, mp_size_t n)
+{
+ return mpz_limbs_modify (x, n);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_limbs_finish (mpz_t x, mp_size_t xs)
+{
+ mp_size_t xn;
+ xn = mpn_normalized_size (x->_mp_d, GMP_ABS (xs));
+ x->_mp_size = xs < 0 ? -xn : xn;
+}
+
+mpz_srcptr
+mpz_roinit_n (mpz_t x, mp_srcptr xp, mp_size_t xs)
+{
+ x->_mp_alloc = 0;
+ x->_mp_d = (mp_ptr) xp;
+ mpz_limbs_finish (x, xs);
+ return x;
+}
+
+
+/* Conversions and comparison to double. */
+void
+mpz_set_d (mpz_t r, double x)
+{
+ int sign;
+ mp_ptr rp;
+ mp_size_t rn, i;
+ double B;
+ double Bi;
+ mp_limb_t f;
+
+ /* x != x is true when x is a NaN, and x == x * 0.5 is true when x is
+ zero or infinity. */
+ if (x != x || x == x * 0.5)
+ {
+ r->_mp_size = 0;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ sign = x < 0.0 ;
+ if (sign)
+ x = - x;
+
+ if (x < 1.0)
+ {
+ r->_mp_size = 0;
+ return;
+ }
+ B = 2.0 * (double) GMP_LIMB_HIGHBIT;
+ Bi = 1.0 / B;
+ for (rn = 1; x >= B; rn++)
+ x *= Bi;
+
+ rp = MPZ_REALLOC (r, rn);
+
+ f = (mp_limb_t) x;
+ x -= f;
+ assert (x < 1.0);
+ i = rn-1;
+ rp[i] = f;
+ while (--i >= 0)
+ {
+ x = B * x;
+ f = (mp_limb_t) x;
+ x -= f;
+ assert (x < 1.0);
+ rp[i] = f;
+ }
+
+ r->_mp_size = sign ? - rn : rn;
+}
+
+void
+mpz_init_set_d (mpz_t r, double x)
+{
+ mpz_init (r);
+ mpz_set_d (r, x);
+}
+
+double
+mpz_get_d (const mpz_t u)
+{
+ mp_size_t un;
+ double x;
+ double B = 2.0 * (double) GMP_LIMB_HIGHBIT;
+
+ un = GMP_ABS (u->_mp_size);
+
+ if (un == 0)
+ return 0.0;
+
+ x = u->_mp_d[--un];
+ while (un > 0)
+ x = B*x + u->_mp_d[--un];
+
+ if (u->_mp_size < 0)
+ x = -x;
+
+ return x;
+}
+
+int
+mpz_cmpabs_d (const mpz_t x, double d)
+{
+ mp_size_t xn;
+ double B, Bi;
+ mp_size_t i;
+
+ xn = x->_mp_size;
+ d = GMP_ABS (d);
+
+ if (xn != 0)
+ {
+ xn = GMP_ABS (xn);
+
+ B = 2.0 * (double) GMP_LIMB_HIGHBIT;
+ Bi = 1.0 / B;
+
+ /* Scale d so it can be compared with the top limb. */
+ for (i = 1; i < xn; i++)
+ d *= Bi;
+
+ if (d >= B)
+ return -1;
+
+ /* Compare floor(d) to top limb, subtract and cancel when equal. */
+ for (i = xn; i-- > 0;)
+ {
+ mp_limb_t f, xl;
+
+ f = (mp_limb_t) d;
+ xl = x->_mp_d[i];
+ if (xl > f)
+ return 1;
+ else if (xl < f)
+ return -1;
+ d = B * (d - f);
+ }
+ }
+ return - (d > 0.0);
+}
+
+int
+mpz_cmp_d (const mpz_t x, double d)
+{
+ if (x->_mp_size < 0)
+ {
+ if (d >= 0.0)
+ return -1;
+ else
+ return -mpz_cmpabs_d (x, d);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (d < 0.0)
+ return 1;
+ else
+ return mpz_cmpabs_d (x, d);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/* MPZ comparisons and the like. */
+int
+mpz_sgn (const mpz_t u)
+{
+ mp_size_t usize = u->_mp_size;
+
+ return (usize > 0) - (usize < 0);
+}
+
+int
+mpz_cmp_si (const mpz_t u, long v)
+{
+ mp_size_t usize = u->_mp_size;
+
+ if (usize < -1)
+ return -1;
+ else if (v >= 0)
+ return mpz_cmp_ui (u, v);
+ else if (usize >= 0)
+ return 1;
+ else /* usize == -1 */
+ {
+ mp_limb_t ul = u->_mp_d[0];
+ if ((mp_limb_t)GMP_NEG_CAST (unsigned long int, v) < ul)
+ return -1;
+ else
+ return (mp_limb_t)GMP_NEG_CAST (unsigned long int, v) > ul;
+ }
+}
+
+int
+mpz_cmp_ui (const mpz_t u, unsigned long v)
+{
+ mp_size_t usize = u->_mp_size;
+
+ if (usize > 1)
+ return 1;
+ else if (usize < 0)
+ return -1;
+ else
+ {
+ mp_limb_t ul = (usize > 0) ? u->_mp_d[0] : 0;
+ return (ul > v) - (ul < v);
+ }
+}
+
+int
+mpz_cmp (const mpz_t a, const mpz_t b)
+{
+ mp_size_t asize = a->_mp_size;
+ mp_size_t bsize = b->_mp_size;
+
+ if (asize != bsize)
+ return (asize < bsize) ? -1 : 1;
+ else if (asize >= 0)
+ return mpn_cmp (a->_mp_d, b->_mp_d, asize);
+ else
+ return mpn_cmp (b->_mp_d, a->_mp_d, -asize);
+}
+
+int
+mpz_cmpabs_ui (const mpz_t u, unsigned long v)
+{
+ mp_size_t un = GMP_ABS (u->_mp_size);
+ mp_limb_t ul;
+
+ if (un > 1)
+ return 1;
+
+ ul = (un == 1) ? u->_mp_d[0] : 0;
+
+ return (ul > v) - (ul < v);
+}
+
+int
+mpz_cmpabs (const mpz_t u, const mpz_t v)
+{
+ return mpn_cmp4 (u->_mp_d, GMP_ABS (u->_mp_size),
+ v->_mp_d, GMP_ABS (v->_mp_size));
+}
+
+void
+mpz_abs (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u)
+{
+ if (r != u)
+ mpz_set (r, u);
+
+ r->_mp_size = GMP_ABS (r->_mp_size);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_neg (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u)
+{
+ if (r != u)
+ mpz_set (r, u);
+
+ r->_mp_size = -r->_mp_size;
+}
+
+void
+mpz_swap (mpz_t u, mpz_t v)
+{
+ MP_SIZE_T_SWAP (u->_mp_size, v->_mp_size);
+ MP_SIZE_T_SWAP (u->_mp_alloc, v->_mp_alloc);
+ MP_PTR_SWAP (u->_mp_d, v->_mp_d);
+}
+
+
+/* MPZ addition and subtraction */
+
+/* Adds to the absolute value. Returns new size, but doesn't store it. */
+static mp_size_t
+mpz_abs_add_ui (mpz_t r, const mpz_t a, unsigned long b)
+{
+ mp_size_t an;
+ mp_ptr rp;
+ mp_limb_t cy;
+
+ an = GMP_ABS (a->_mp_size);
+ if (an == 0)
+ {
+ r->_mp_d[0] = b;
+ return b > 0;
+ }
+
+ rp = MPZ_REALLOC (r, an + 1);
+
+ cy = mpn_add_1 (rp, a->_mp_d, an, b);
+ rp[an] = cy;
+ an += cy;
+
+ return an;
+}
+
+/* Subtract from the absolute value. Returns new size, (or -1 on underflow),
+ but doesn't store it. */
+static mp_size_t
+mpz_abs_sub_ui (mpz_t r, const mpz_t a, unsigned long b)
+{
+ mp_size_t an = GMP_ABS (a->_mp_size);
+ mp_ptr rp = MPZ_REALLOC (r, an);
+
+ if (an == 0)
+ {
+ rp[0] = b;
+ return -(b > 0);
+ }
+ else if (an == 1 && a->_mp_d[0] < b)
+ {
+ rp[0] = b - a->_mp_d[0];
+ return -1;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ gmp_assert_nocarry (mpn_sub_1 (rp, a->_mp_d, an, b));
+ return mpn_normalized_size (rp, an);
+ }
+}
+
+void
+mpz_add_ui (mpz_t r, const mpz_t a, unsigned long b)
+{
+ if (a->_mp_size >= 0)
+ r->_mp_size = mpz_abs_add_ui (r, a, b);
+ else
+ r->_mp_size = -mpz_abs_sub_ui (r, a, b);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_sub_ui (mpz_t r, const mpz_t a, unsigned long b)
+{
+ if (a->_mp_size < 0)
+ r->_mp_size = -mpz_abs_add_ui (r, a, b);
+ else
+ r->_mp_size = mpz_abs_sub_ui (r, a, b);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_ui_sub (mpz_t r, unsigned long a, const mpz_t b)
+{
+ if (b->_mp_size < 0)
+ r->_mp_size = mpz_abs_add_ui (r, b, a);
+ else
+ r->_mp_size = -mpz_abs_sub_ui (r, b, a);
+}
+
+static mp_size_t
+mpz_abs_add (mpz_t r, const mpz_t a, const mpz_t b)
+{
+ mp_size_t an = GMP_ABS (a->_mp_size);
+ mp_size_t bn = GMP_ABS (b->_mp_size);
+ mp_ptr rp;
+ mp_limb_t cy;
+
+ if (an < bn)
+ {
+ MPZ_SRCPTR_SWAP (a, b);
+ MP_SIZE_T_SWAP (an, bn);
+ }
+
+ rp = MPZ_REALLOC (r, an + 1);
+ cy = mpn_add (rp, a->_mp_d, an, b->_mp_d, bn);
+
+ rp[an] = cy;
+
+ return an + cy;
+}
+
+static mp_size_t
+mpz_abs_sub (mpz_t r, const mpz_t a, const mpz_t b)
+{
+ mp_size_t an = GMP_ABS (a->_mp_size);
+ mp_size_t bn = GMP_ABS (b->_mp_size);
+ int cmp;
+ mp_ptr rp;
+
+ cmp = mpn_cmp4 (a->_mp_d, an, b->_mp_d, bn);
+ if (cmp > 0)
+ {
+ rp = MPZ_REALLOC (r, an);
+ gmp_assert_nocarry (mpn_sub (rp, a->_mp_d, an, b->_mp_d, bn));
+ return mpn_normalized_size (rp, an);
+ }
+ else if (cmp < 0)
+ {
+ rp = MPZ_REALLOC (r, bn);
+ gmp_assert_nocarry (mpn_sub (rp, b->_mp_d, bn, a->_mp_d, an));
+ return -mpn_normalized_size (rp, bn);
+ }
+ else
+ return 0;
+}
+
+void
+mpz_add (mpz_t r, const mpz_t a, const mpz_t b)
+{
+ mp_size_t rn;
+
+ if ( (a->_mp_size ^ b->_mp_size) >= 0)
+ rn = mpz_abs_add (r, a, b);
+ else
+ rn = mpz_abs_sub (r, a, b);
+
+ r->_mp_size = a->_mp_size >= 0 ? rn : - rn;
+}
+
+void
+mpz_sub (mpz_t r, const mpz_t a, const mpz_t b)
+{
+ mp_size_t rn;
+
+ if ( (a->_mp_size ^ b->_mp_size) >= 0)
+ rn = mpz_abs_sub (r, a, b);
+ else
+ rn = mpz_abs_add (r, a, b);
+
+ r->_mp_size = a->_mp_size >= 0 ? rn : - rn;
+}
+
+
+/* MPZ multiplication */
+void
+mpz_mul_si (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u, long int v)
+{
+ if (v < 0)
+ {
+ mpz_mul_ui (r, u, GMP_NEG_CAST (unsigned long int, v));
+ mpz_neg (r, r);
+ }
+ else
+ mpz_mul_ui (r, u, (unsigned long int) v);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_mul_ui (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u, unsigned long int v)
+{
+ mp_size_t un, us;
+ mp_ptr tp;
+ mp_limb_t cy;
+
+ us = u->_mp_size;
+
+ if (us == 0 || v == 0)
+ {
+ r->_mp_size = 0;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ un = GMP_ABS (us);
+
+ tp = MPZ_REALLOC (r, un + 1);
+ cy = mpn_mul_1 (tp, u->_mp_d, un, v);
+ tp[un] = cy;
+
+ un += (cy > 0);
+ r->_mp_size = (us < 0) ? - un : un;
+}
+
+void
+mpz_mul (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u, const mpz_t v)
+{
+ int sign;
+ mp_size_t un, vn, rn;
+ mpz_t t;
+ mp_ptr tp;
+
+ un = u->_mp_size;
+ vn = v->_mp_size;
+
+ if (un == 0 || vn == 0)
+ {
+ r->_mp_size = 0;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ sign = (un ^ vn) < 0;
+
+ un = GMP_ABS (un);
+ vn = GMP_ABS (vn);
+
+ mpz_init2 (t, (un + vn) * GMP_LIMB_BITS);
+
+ tp = t->_mp_d;
+ if (un >= vn)
+ mpn_mul (tp, u->_mp_d, un, v->_mp_d, vn);
+ else
+ mpn_mul (tp, v->_mp_d, vn, u->_mp_d, un);
+
+ rn = un + vn;
+ rn -= tp[rn-1] == 0;
+
+ t->_mp_size = sign ? - rn : rn;
+ mpz_swap (r, t);
+ mpz_clear (t);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_mul_2exp (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u, mp_bitcnt_t bits)
+{
+ mp_size_t un, rn;
+ mp_size_t limbs;
+ unsigned shift;
+ mp_ptr rp;
+
+ un = GMP_ABS (u->_mp_size);
+ if (un == 0)
+ {
+ r->_mp_size = 0;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ limbs = bits / GMP_LIMB_BITS;
+ shift = bits % GMP_LIMB_BITS;
+
+ rn = un + limbs + (shift > 0);
+ rp = MPZ_REALLOC (r, rn);
+ if (shift > 0)
+ {
+ mp_limb_t cy = mpn_lshift (rp + limbs, u->_mp_d, un, shift);
+ rp[rn-1] = cy;
+ rn -= (cy == 0);
+ }
+ else
+ mpn_copyd (rp + limbs, u->_mp_d, un);
+
+ while (limbs > 0)
+ rp[--limbs] = 0;
+
+ r->_mp_size = (u->_mp_size < 0) ? - rn : rn;
+}
+
+void
+mpz_addmul_ui (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u, unsigned long int v)
+{
+ mpz_t t;
+ mpz_init (t);
+ mpz_mul_ui (t, u, v);
+ mpz_add (r, r, t);
+ mpz_clear (t);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_submul_ui (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u, unsigned long int v)
+{
+ mpz_t t;
+ mpz_init (t);
+ mpz_mul_ui (t, u, v);
+ mpz_sub (r, r, t);
+ mpz_clear (t);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_addmul (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u, const mpz_t v)
+{
+ mpz_t t;
+ mpz_init (t);
+ mpz_mul (t, u, v);
+ mpz_add (r, r, t);
+ mpz_clear (t);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_submul (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u, const mpz_t v)
+{
+ mpz_t t;
+ mpz_init (t);
+ mpz_mul (t, u, v);
+ mpz_sub (r, r, t);
+ mpz_clear (t);
+}
+
+
+/* MPZ division */
+enum mpz_div_round_mode { GMP_DIV_FLOOR, GMP_DIV_CEIL, GMP_DIV_TRUNC };
+
+/* Allows q or r to be zero. Returns 1 iff remainder is non-zero. */
+static int
+mpz_div_qr (mpz_t q, mpz_t r,
+ const mpz_t n, const mpz_t d, enum mpz_div_round_mode mode)
+{
+ mp_size_t ns, ds, nn, dn, qs;
+ ns = n->_mp_size;
+ ds = d->_mp_size;
+
+ if (ds == 0)
+ gmp_die("mpz_div_qr: Divide by zero.");
+
+ if (ns == 0)
+ {
+ if (q)
+ q->_mp_size = 0;
+ if (r)
+ r->_mp_size = 0;
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ nn = GMP_ABS (ns);
+ dn = GMP_ABS (ds);
+
+ qs = ds ^ ns;
+
+ if (nn < dn)
+ {
+ if (mode == GMP_DIV_CEIL && qs >= 0)
+ {
+ /* q = 1, r = n - d */
+ if (r)
+ mpz_sub (r, n, d);
+ if (q)
+ mpz_set_ui (q, 1);
+ }
+ else if (mode == GMP_DIV_FLOOR && qs < 0)
+ {
+ /* q = -1, r = n + d */
+ if (r)
+ mpz_add (r, n, d);
+ if (q)
+ mpz_set_si (q, -1);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* q = 0, r = d */
+ if (r)
+ mpz_set (r, n);
+ if (q)
+ q->_mp_size = 0;
+ }
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ mp_ptr np, qp;
+ mp_size_t qn, rn;
+ mpz_t tq, tr;
+
+ mpz_init_set (tr, n);
+ np = tr->_mp_d;
+
+ qn = nn - dn + 1;
+
+ if (q)
+ {
+ mpz_init2 (tq, qn * GMP_LIMB_BITS);
+ qp = tq->_mp_d;
+ }
+ else
+ qp = NULL;
+
+ mpn_div_qr (qp, np, nn, d->_mp_d, dn);
+
+ if (qp)
+ {
+ qn -= (qp[qn-1] == 0);
+
+ tq->_mp_size = qs < 0 ? -qn : qn;
+ }
+ rn = mpn_normalized_size (np, dn);
+ tr->_mp_size = ns < 0 ? - rn : rn;
+
+ if (mode == GMP_DIV_FLOOR && qs < 0 && rn != 0)
+ {
+ if (q)
+ mpz_sub_ui (tq, tq, 1);
+ if (r)
+ mpz_add (tr, tr, d);
+ }
+ else if (mode == GMP_DIV_CEIL && qs >= 0 && rn != 0)
+ {
+ if (q)
+ mpz_add_ui (tq, tq, 1);
+ if (r)
+ mpz_sub (tr, tr, d);
+ }
+
+ if (q)
+ {
+ mpz_swap (tq, q);
+ mpz_clear (tq);
+ }
+ if (r)
+ mpz_swap (tr, r);
+
+ mpz_clear (tr);
+
+ return rn != 0;
+ }
+}
+
+void
+mpz_cdiv_qr (mpz_t q, mpz_t r, const mpz_t n, const mpz_t d)
+{
+ mpz_div_qr (q, r, n, d, GMP_DIV_CEIL);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_fdiv_qr (mpz_t q, mpz_t r, const mpz_t n, const mpz_t d)
+{
+ mpz_div_qr (q, r, n, d, GMP_DIV_FLOOR);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_tdiv_qr (mpz_t q, mpz_t r, const mpz_t n, const mpz_t d)
+{
+ mpz_div_qr (q, r, n, d, GMP_DIV_TRUNC);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_cdiv_q (mpz_t q, const mpz_t n, const mpz_t d)
+{
+ mpz_div_qr (q, NULL, n, d, GMP_DIV_CEIL);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_fdiv_q (mpz_t q, const mpz_t n, const mpz_t d)
+{
+ mpz_div_qr (q, NULL, n, d, GMP_DIV_FLOOR);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_tdiv_q (mpz_t q, const mpz_t n, const mpz_t d)
+{
+ mpz_div_qr (q, NULL, n, d, GMP_DIV_TRUNC);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_cdiv_r (mpz_t r, const mpz_t n, const mpz_t d)
+{
+ mpz_div_qr (NULL, r, n, d, GMP_DIV_CEIL);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_fdiv_r (mpz_t r, const mpz_t n, const mpz_t d)
+{
+ mpz_div_qr (NULL, r, n, d, GMP_DIV_FLOOR);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_tdiv_r (mpz_t r, const mpz_t n, const mpz_t d)
+{
+ mpz_div_qr (NULL, r, n, d, GMP_DIV_TRUNC);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_mod (mpz_t r, const mpz_t n, const mpz_t d)
+{
+ mpz_div_qr (NULL, r, n, d, d->_mp_size >= 0 ? GMP_DIV_FLOOR : GMP_DIV_CEIL);
+}
+
+static void
+mpz_div_q_2exp (mpz_t q, const mpz_t u, mp_bitcnt_t bit_index,
+ enum mpz_div_round_mode mode)
+{
+ mp_size_t un, qn;
+ mp_size_t limb_cnt;
+ mp_ptr qp;
+ int adjust;
+
+ un = u->_mp_size;
+ if (un == 0)
+ {
+ q->_mp_size = 0;
+ return;
+ }
+ limb_cnt = bit_index / GMP_LIMB_BITS;
+ qn = GMP_ABS (un) - limb_cnt;
+ bit_index %= GMP_LIMB_BITS;
+
+ if (mode == ((un > 0) ? GMP_DIV_CEIL : GMP_DIV_FLOOR)) /* un != 0 here. */
+ /* Note: Below, the final indexing at limb_cnt is valid because at
+ that point we have qn > 0. */
+ adjust = (qn <= 0
+ || !mpn_zero_p (u->_mp_d, limb_cnt)
+ || (u->_mp_d[limb_cnt]
+ & (((mp_limb_t) 1 << bit_index) - 1)));
+ else
+ adjust = 0;
+
+ if (qn <= 0)
+ qn = 0;
+
+ else
+ {
+ qp = MPZ_REALLOC (q, qn);
+
+ if (bit_index != 0)
+ {
+ mpn_rshift (qp, u->_mp_d + limb_cnt, qn, bit_index);
+ qn -= qp[qn - 1] == 0;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ mpn_copyi (qp, u->_mp_d + limb_cnt, qn);
+ }
+ }
+
+ q->_mp_size = qn;
+
+ if (adjust)
+ mpz_add_ui (q, q, 1);
+ if (un < 0)
+ mpz_neg (q, q);
+}
+
+static void
+mpz_div_r_2exp (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u, mp_bitcnt_t bit_index,
+ enum mpz_div_round_mode mode)
+{
+ mp_size_t us, un, rn;
+ mp_ptr rp;
+ mp_limb_t mask;
+
+ us = u->_mp_size;
+ if (us == 0 || bit_index == 0)
+ {
+ r->_mp_size = 0;
+ return;
+ }
+ rn = (bit_index + GMP_LIMB_BITS - 1) / GMP_LIMB_BITS;
+ assert (rn > 0);
+
+ rp = MPZ_REALLOC (r, rn);
+ un = GMP_ABS (us);
+
+ mask = GMP_LIMB_MAX >> (rn * GMP_LIMB_BITS - bit_index);
+
+ if (rn > un)
+ {
+ /* Quotient (with truncation) is zero, and remainder is
+ non-zero */
+ if (mode == ((us > 0) ? GMP_DIV_CEIL : GMP_DIV_FLOOR)) /* us != 0 here. */
+ {
+ /* Have to negate and sign extend. */
+ mp_size_t i;
+ mp_limb_t cy;
+
+ for (cy = 1, i = 0; i < un; i++)
+ {
+ mp_limb_t s = ~u->_mp_d[i] + cy;
+ cy = s < cy;
+ rp[i] = s;
+ }
+ assert (cy == 0);
+ for (; i < rn - 1; i++)
+ rp[i] = GMP_LIMB_MAX;
+
+ rp[rn-1] = mask;
+ us = -us;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ /* Just copy */
+ if (r != u)
+ mpn_copyi (rp, u->_mp_d, un);
+
+ rn = un;
+ }
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ if (r != u)
+ mpn_copyi (rp, u->_mp_d, rn - 1);
+
+ rp[rn-1] = u->_mp_d[rn-1] & mask;
+
+ if (mode == ((us > 0) ? GMP_DIV_CEIL : GMP_DIV_FLOOR)) /* us != 0 here. */
+ {
+ /* If r != 0, compute 2^{bit_count} - r. */
+ mp_size_t i;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < rn && rp[i] == 0; i++)
+ ;
+ if (i < rn)
+ {
+ /* r > 0, need to flip sign. */
+ rp[i] = ~rp[i] + 1;
+ while (++i < rn)
+ rp[i] = ~rp[i];
+
+ rp[rn-1] &= mask;
+
+ /* us is not used for anything else, so we can modify it
+ here to indicate flipped sign. */
+ us = -us;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ rn = mpn_normalized_size (rp, rn);
+ r->_mp_size = us < 0 ? -rn : rn;
+}
+
+void
+mpz_cdiv_q_2exp (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u, mp_bitcnt_t cnt)
+{
+ mpz_div_q_2exp (r, u, cnt, GMP_DIV_CEIL);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_fdiv_q_2exp (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u, mp_bitcnt_t cnt)
+{
+ mpz_div_q_2exp (r, u, cnt, GMP_DIV_FLOOR);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_tdiv_q_2exp (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u, mp_bitcnt_t cnt)
+{
+ mpz_div_q_2exp (r, u, cnt, GMP_DIV_TRUNC);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_cdiv_r_2exp (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u, mp_bitcnt_t cnt)
+{
+ mpz_div_r_2exp (r, u, cnt, GMP_DIV_CEIL);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_fdiv_r_2exp (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u, mp_bitcnt_t cnt)
+{
+ mpz_div_r_2exp (r, u, cnt, GMP_DIV_FLOOR);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_tdiv_r_2exp (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u, mp_bitcnt_t cnt)
+{
+ mpz_div_r_2exp (r, u, cnt, GMP_DIV_TRUNC);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_divexact (mpz_t q, const mpz_t n, const mpz_t d)
+{
+ gmp_assert_nocarry (mpz_div_qr (q, NULL, n, d, GMP_DIV_TRUNC));
+}
+
+int
+mpz_divisible_p (const mpz_t n, const mpz_t d)
+{
+ return mpz_div_qr (NULL, NULL, n, d, GMP_DIV_TRUNC) == 0;
+}
+
+int
+mpz_congruent_p (const mpz_t a, const mpz_t b, const mpz_t m)
+{
+ mpz_t t;
+ int res;
+
+ /* a == b (mod 0) iff a == b */
+ if (mpz_sgn (m) == 0)
+ return (mpz_cmp (a, b) == 0);
+
+ mpz_init (t);
+ mpz_sub (t, a, b);
+ res = mpz_divisible_p (t, m);
+ mpz_clear (t);
+
+ return res;
+}
+
+static unsigned long
+mpz_div_qr_ui (mpz_t q, mpz_t r,
+ const mpz_t n, unsigned long d, enum mpz_div_round_mode mode)
+{
+ mp_size_t ns, qn;
+ mp_ptr qp;
+ mp_limb_t rl;
+ mp_size_t rs;
+
+ ns = n->_mp_size;
+ if (ns == 0)
+ {
+ if (q)
+ q->_mp_size = 0;
+ if (r)
+ r->_mp_size = 0;
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ qn = GMP_ABS (ns);
+ if (q)
+ qp = MPZ_REALLOC (q, qn);
+ else
+ qp = NULL;
+
+ rl = mpn_div_qr_1 (qp, n->_mp_d, qn, d);
+ assert (rl < d);
+
+ rs = rl > 0;
+ rs = (ns < 0) ? -rs : rs;
+
+ if (rl > 0 && ( (mode == GMP_DIV_FLOOR && ns < 0)
+ || (mode == GMP_DIV_CEIL && ns >= 0)))
+ {
+ if (q)
+ gmp_assert_nocarry (mpn_add_1 (qp, qp, qn, 1));
+ rl = d - rl;
+ rs = -rs;
+ }
+
+ if (r)
+ {
+ r->_mp_d[0] = rl;
+ r->_mp_size = rs;
+ }
+ if (q)
+ {
+ qn -= (qp[qn-1] == 0);
+ assert (qn == 0 || qp[qn-1] > 0);
+
+ q->_mp_size = (ns < 0) ? - qn : qn;
+ }
+
+ return rl;
+}
+
+unsigned long
+mpz_cdiv_qr_ui (mpz_t q, mpz_t r, const mpz_t n, unsigned long d)
+{
+ return mpz_div_qr_ui (q, r, n, d, GMP_DIV_CEIL);
+}
+
+unsigned long
+mpz_fdiv_qr_ui (mpz_t q, mpz_t r, const mpz_t n, unsigned long d)
+{
+ return mpz_div_qr_ui (q, r, n, d, GMP_DIV_FLOOR);
+}
+
+unsigned long
+mpz_tdiv_qr_ui (mpz_t q, mpz_t r, const mpz_t n, unsigned long d)
+{
+ return mpz_div_qr_ui (q, r, n, d, GMP_DIV_TRUNC);
+}
+
+unsigned long
+mpz_cdiv_q_ui (mpz_t q, const mpz_t n, unsigned long d)
+{
+ return mpz_div_qr_ui (q, NULL, n, d, GMP_DIV_CEIL);
+}
+
+unsigned long
+mpz_fdiv_q_ui (mpz_t q, const mpz_t n, unsigned long d)
+{
+ return mpz_div_qr_ui (q, NULL, n, d, GMP_DIV_FLOOR);
+}
+
+unsigned long
+mpz_tdiv_q_ui (mpz_t q, const mpz_t n, unsigned long d)
+{
+ return mpz_div_qr_ui (q, NULL, n, d, GMP_DIV_TRUNC);
+}
+
+unsigned long
+mpz_cdiv_r_ui (mpz_t r, const mpz_t n, unsigned long d)
+{
+ return mpz_div_qr_ui (NULL, r, n, d, GMP_DIV_CEIL);
+}
+unsigned long
+mpz_fdiv_r_ui (mpz_t r, const mpz_t n, unsigned long d)
+{
+ return mpz_div_qr_ui (NULL, r, n, d, GMP_DIV_FLOOR);
+}
+unsigned long
+mpz_tdiv_r_ui (mpz_t r, const mpz_t n, unsigned long d)
+{
+ return mpz_div_qr_ui (NULL, r, n, d, GMP_DIV_TRUNC);
+}
+
+unsigned long
+mpz_cdiv_ui (const mpz_t n, unsigned long d)
+{
+ return mpz_div_qr_ui (NULL, NULL, n, d, GMP_DIV_CEIL);
+}
+
+unsigned long
+mpz_fdiv_ui (const mpz_t n, unsigned long d)
+{
+ return mpz_div_qr_ui (NULL, NULL, n, d, GMP_DIV_FLOOR);
+}
+
+unsigned long
+mpz_tdiv_ui (const mpz_t n, unsigned long d)
+{
+ return mpz_div_qr_ui (NULL, NULL, n, d, GMP_DIV_TRUNC);
+}
+
+unsigned long
+mpz_mod_ui (mpz_t r, const mpz_t n, unsigned long d)
+{
+ return mpz_div_qr_ui (NULL, r, n, d, GMP_DIV_FLOOR);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_divexact_ui (mpz_t q, const mpz_t n, unsigned long d)
+{
+ gmp_assert_nocarry (mpz_div_qr_ui (q, NULL, n, d, GMP_DIV_TRUNC));
+}
+
+int
+mpz_divisible_ui_p (const mpz_t n, unsigned long d)
+{
+ return mpz_div_qr_ui (NULL, NULL, n, d, GMP_DIV_TRUNC) == 0;
+}
+
+
+/* GCD */
+static mp_limb_t
+mpn_gcd_11 (mp_limb_t u, mp_limb_t v)
+{
+ unsigned shift;
+
+ assert ( (u | v) > 0);
+
+ if (u == 0)
+ return v;
+ else if (v == 0)
+ return u;
+
+ gmp_ctz (shift, u | v);
+
+ u >>= shift;
+ v >>= shift;
+
+ if ( (u & 1) == 0)
+ MP_LIMB_T_SWAP (u, v);
+
+ while ( (v & 1) == 0)
+ v >>= 1;
+
+ while (u != v)
+ {
+ if (u > v)
+ {
+ u -= v;
+ do
+ u >>= 1;
+ while ( (u & 1) == 0);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ v -= u;
+ do
+ v >>= 1;
+ while ( (v & 1) == 0);
+ }
+ }
+ return u << shift;
+}
+
+unsigned long
+mpz_gcd_ui (mpz_t g, const mpz_t u, unsigned long v)
+{
+ mp_size_t un;
+
+ if (v == 0)
+ {
+ if (g)
+ mpz_abs (g, u);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ un = GMP_ABS (u->_mp_size);
+ if (un != 0)
+ v = mpn_gcd_11 (mpn_div_qr_1 (NULL, u->_mp_d, un, v), v);
+
+ if (g)
+ mpz_set_ui (g, v);
+ }
+
+ return v;
+}
+
+static mp_bitcnt_t
+mpz_make_odd (mpz_t r)
+{
+ mp_bitcnt_t shift;
+
+ assert (r->_mp_size > 0);
+ /* Count trailing zeros, equivalent to mpn_scan1, because we know that there is a 1 */
+ shift = mpn_common_scan (r->_mp_d[0], 0, r->_mp_d, 0, 0);
+ mpz_tdiv_q_2exp (r, r, shift);
+
+ return shift;
+}
+
+void
+mpz_gcd (mpz_t g, const mpz_t u, const mpz_t v)
+{
+ mpz_t tu, tv;
+ mp_bitcnt_t uz, vz, gz;
+
+ if (u->_mp_size == 0)
+ {
+ mpz_abs (g, v);
+ return;
+ }
+ if (v->_mp_size == 0)
+ {
+ mpz_abs (g, u);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ mpz_init (tu);
+ mpz_init (tv);
+
+ mpz_abs (tu, u);
+ uz = mpz_make_odd (tu);
+ mpz_abs (tv, v);
+ vz = mpz_make_odd (tv);
+ gz = GMP_MIN (uz, vz);
+
+ if (tu->_mp_size < tv->_mp_size)
+ mpz_swap (tu, tv);
+
+ mpz_tdiv_r (tu, tu, tv);
+ if (tu->_mp_size == 0)
+ {
+ mpz_swap (g, tv);
+ }
+ else
+ for (;;)
+ {
+ int c;
+
+ mpz_make_odd (tu);
+ c = mpz_cmp (tu, tv);
+ if (c == 0)
+ {
+ mpz_swap (g, tu);
+ break;
+ }
+ if (c < 0)
+ mpz_swap (tu, tv);
+
+ if (tv->_mp_size == 1)
+ {
+ mp_limb_t vl = tv->_mp_d[0];
+ mp_limb_t ul = mpz_tdiv_ui (tu, vl);
+ mpz_set_ui (g, mpn_gcd_11 (ul, vl));
+ break;
+ }
+ mpz_sub (tu, tu, tv);
+ }
+ mpz_clear (tu);
+ mpz_clear (tv);
+ mpz_mul_2exp (g, g, gz);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_gcdext (mpz_t g, mpz_t s, mpz_t t, const mpz_t u, const mpz_t v)
+{
+ mpz_t tu, tv, s0, s1, t0, t1;
+ mp_bitcnt_t uz, vz, gz;
+ mp_bitcnt_t power;
+
+ if (u->_mp_size == 0)
+ {
+ /* g = 0 u + sgn(v) v */
+ signed long sign = mpz_sgn (v);
+ mpz_abs (g, v);
+ if (s)
+ mpz_set_ui (s, 0);
+ if (t)
+ mpz_set_si (t, sign);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ if (v->_mp_size == 0)
+ {
+ /* g = sgn(u) u + 0 v */
+ signed long sign = mpz_sgn (u);
+ mpz_abs (g, u);
+ if (s)
+ mpz_set_si (s, sign);
+ if (t)
+ mpz_set_ui (t, 0);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ mpz_init (tu);
+ mpz_init (tv);
+ mpz_init (s0);
+ mpz_init (s1);
+ mpz_init (t0);
+ mpz_init (t1);
+
+ mpz_abs (tu, u);
+ uz = mpz_make_odd (tu);
+ mpz_abs (tv, v);
+ vz = mpz_make_odd (tv);
+ gz = GMP_MIN (uz, vz);
+
+ uz -= gz;
+ vz -= gz;
+
+ /* Cofactors corresponding to odd gcd. gz handled later. */
+ if (tu->_mp_size < tv->_mp_size)
+ {
+ mpz_swap (tu, tv);
+ MPZ_SRCPTR_SWAP (u, v);
+ MPZ_PTR_SWAP (s, t);
+ MP_BITCNT_T_SWAP (uz, vz);
+ }
+
+ /* Maintain
+ *
+ * u = t0 tu + t1 tv
+ * v = s0 tu + s1 tv
+ *
+ * where u and v denote the inputs with common factors of two
+ * eliminated, and det (s0, t0; s1, t1) = 2^p. Then
+ *
+ * 2^p tu = s1 u - t1 v
+ * 2^p tv = -s0 u + t0 v
+ */
+
+ /* After initial division, tu = q tv + tu', we have
+ *
+ * u = 2^uz (tu' + q tv)
+ * v = 2^vz tv
+ *
+ * or
+ *
+ * t0 = 2^uz, t1 = 2^uz q
+ * s0 = 0, s1 = 2^vz
+ */
+
+ mpz_setbit (t0, uz);
+ mpz_tdiv_qr (t1, tu, tu, tv);
+ mpz_mul_2exp (t1, t1, uz);
+
+ mpz_setbit (s1, vz);
+ power = uz + vz;
+
+ if (tu->_mp_size > 0)
+ {
+ mp_bitcnt_t shift;
+ shift = mpz_make_odd (tu);
+ mpz_mul_2exp (t0, t0, shift);
+ mpz_mul_2exp (s0, s0, shift);
+ power += shift;
+
+ for (;;)
+ {
+ int c;
+ c = mpz_cmp (tu, tv);
+ if (c == 0)
+ break;
+
+ if (c < 0)
+ {
+ /* tv = tv' + tu
+ *
+ * u = t0 tu + t1 (tv' + tu) = (t0 + t1) tu + t1 tv'
+ * v = s0 tu + s1 (tv' + tu) = (s0 + s1) tu + s1 tv' */
+
+ mpz_sub (tv, tv, tu);
+ mpz_add (t0, t0, t1);
+ mpz_add (s0, s0, s1);
+
+ shift = mpz_make_odd (tv);
+ mpz_mul_2exp (t1, t1, shift);
+ mpz_mul_2exp (s1, s1, shift);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ mpz_sub (tu, tu, tv);
+ mpz_add (t1, t0, t1);
+ mpz_add (s1, s0, s1);
+
+ shift = mpz_make_odd (tu);
+ mpz_mul_2exp (t0, t0, shift);
+ mpz_mul_2exp (s0, s0, shift);
+ }
+ power += shift;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* Now tv = odd part of gcd, and -s0 and t0 are corresponding
+ cofactors. */
+
+ mpz_mul_2exp (tv, tv, gz);
+ mpz_neg (s0, s0);
+
+ /* 2^p g = s0 u + t0 v. Eliminate one factor of two at a time. To
+ adjust cofactors, we need u / g and v / g */
+
+ mpz_divexact (s1, v, tv);
+ mpz_abs (s1, s1);
+ mpz_divexact (t1, u, tv);
+ mpz_abs (t1, t1);
+
+ while (power-- > 0)
+ {
+ /* s0 u + t0 v = (s0 - v/g) u - (t0 + u/g) v */
+ if (mpz_odd_p (s0) || mpz_odd_p (t0))
+ {
+ mpz_sub (s0, s0, s1);
+ mpz_add (t0, t0, t1);
+ }
+ mpz_divexact_ui (s0, s0, 2);
+ mpz_divexact_ui (t0, t0, 2);
+ }
+
+ /* Arrange so that |s| < |u| / 2g */
+ mpz_add (s1, s0, s1);
+ if (mpz_cmpabs (s0, s1) > 0)
+ {
+ mpz_swap (s0, s1);
+ mpz_sub (t0, t0, t1);
+ }
+ if (u->_mp_size < 0)
+ mpz_neg (s0, s0);
+ if (v->_mp_size < 0)
+ mpz_neg (t0, t0);
+
+ mpz_swap (g, tv);
+ if (s)
+ mpz_swap (s, s0);
+ if (t)
+ mpz_swap (t, t0);
+
+ mpz_clear (tu);
+ mpz_clear (tv);
+ mpz_clear (s0);
+ mpz_clear (s1);
+ mpz_clear (t0);
+ mpz_clear (t1);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_lcm (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u, const mpz_t v)
+{
+ mpz_t g;
+
+ if (u->_mp_size == 0 || v->_mp_size == 0)
+ {
+ r->_mp_size = 0;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ mpz_init (g);
+
+ mpz_gcd (g, u, v);
+ mpz_divexact (g, u, g);
+ mpz_mul (r, g, v);
+
+ mpz_clear (g);
+ mpz_abs (r, r);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_lcm_ui (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u, unsigned long v)
+{
+ if (v == 0 || u->_mp_size == 0)
+ {
+ r->_mp_size = 0;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ v /= mpz_gcd_ui (NULL, u, v);
+ mpz_mul_ui (r, u, v);
+
+ mpz_abs (r, r);
+}
+
+int
+mpz_invert (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u, const mpz_t m)
+{
+ mpz_t g, tr;
+ int invertible;
+
+ if (u->_mp_size == 0 || mpz_cmpabs_ui (m, 1) <= 0)
+ return 0;
+
+ mpz_init (g);
+ mpz_init (tr);
+
+ mpz_gcdext (g, tr, NULL, u, m);
+ invertible = (mpz_cmp_ui (g, 1) == 0);
+
+ if (invertible)
+ {
+ if (tr->_mp_size < 0)
+ {
+ if (m->_mp_size >= 0)
+ mpz_add (tr, tr, m);
+ else
+ mpz_sub (tr, tr, m);
+ }
+ mpz_swap (r, tr);
+ }
+
+ mpz_clear (g);
+ mpz_clear (tr);
+ return invertible;
+}
+
+
+/* Higher level operations (sqrt, pow and root) */
+
+void
+mpz_pow_ui (mpz_t r, const mpz_t b, unsigned long e)
+{
+ unsigned long bit;
+ mpz_t tr;
+ mpz_init_set_ui (tr, 1);
+
+ bit = GMP_ULONG_HIGHBIT;
+ do
+ {
+ mpz_mul (tr, tr, tr);
+ if (e & bit)
+ mpz_mul (tr, tr, b);
+ bit >>= 1;
+ }
+ while (bit > 0);
+
+ mpz_swap (r, tr);
+ mpz_clear (tr);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_ui_pow_ui (mpz_t r, unsigned long blimb, unsigned long e)
+{
+ mpz_t b;
+ mpz_init_set_ui (b, blimb);
+ mpz_pow_ui (r, b, e);
+ mpz_clear (b);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_powm (mpz_t r, const mpz_t b, const mpz_t e, const mpz_t m)
+{
+ mpz_t tr;
+ mpz_t base;
+ mp_size_t en, mn;
+ mp_srcptr mp;
+ struct gmp_div_inverse minv;
+ unsigned shift;
+ mp_ptr tp = NULL;
+
+ en = GMP_ABS (e->_mp_size);
+ mn = GMP_ABS (m->_mp_size);
+ if (mn == 0)
+ gmp_die ("mpz_powm: Zero modulo.");
+
+ if (en == 0)
+ {
+ mpz_set_ui (r, 1);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ mp = m->_mp_d;
+ mpn_div_qr_invert (&minv, mp, mn);
+ shift = minv.shift;
+
+ if (shift > 0)
+ {
+ /* To avoid shifts, we do all our reductions, except the final
+ one, using a *normalized* m. */
+ minv.shift = 0;
+
+ tp = gmp_xalloc_limbs (mn);
+ gmp_assert_nocarry (mpn_lshift (tp, mp, mn, shift));
+ mp = tp;
+ }
+
+ mpz_init (base);
+
+ if (e->_mp_size < 0)
+ {
+ if (!mpz_invert (base, b, m))
+ gmp_die ("mpz_powm: Negative exponent and non-invertible base.");
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ mp_size_t bn;
+ mpz_abs (base, b);
+
+ bn = base->_mp_size;
+ if (bn >= mn)
+ {
+ mpn_div_qr_preinv (NULL, base->_mp_d, base->_mp_size, mp, mn, &minv);
+ bn = mn;
+ }
+
+ /* We have reduced the absolute value. Now take care of the
+ sign. Note that we get zero represented non-canonically as
+ m. */
+ if (b->_mp_size < 0)
+ {
+ mp_ptr bp = MPZ_REALLOC (base, mn);
+ gmp_assert_nocarry (mpn_sub (bp, mp, mn, bp, bn));
+ bn = mn;
+ }
+ base->_mp_size = mpn_normalized_size (base->_mp_d, bn);
+ }
+ mpz_init_set_ui (tr, 1);
+
+ while (en-- > 0)
+ {
+ mp_limb_t w = e->_mp_d[en];
+ mp_limb_t bit;
+
+ bit = GMP_LIMB_HIGHBIT;
+ do
+ {
+ mpz_mul (tr, tr, tr);
+ if (w & bit)
+ mpz_mul (tr, tr, base);
+ if (tr->_mp_size > mn)
+ {
+ mpn_div_qr_preinv (NULL, tr->_mp_d, tr->_mp_size, mp, mn, &minv);
+ tr->_mp_size = mpn_normalized_size (tr->_mp_d, mn);
+ }
+ bit >>= 1;
+ }
+ while (bit > 0);
+ }
+
+ /* Final reduction */
+ if (tr->_mp_size >= mn)
+ {
+ minv.shift = shift;
+ mpn_div_qr_preinv (NULL, tr->_mp_d, tr->_mp_size, mp, mn, &minv);
+ tr->_mp_size = mpn_normalized_size (tr->_mp_d, mn);
+ }
+ if (tp)
+ gmp_free (tp);
+
+ mpz_swap (r, tr);
+ mpz_clear (tr);
+ mpz_clear (base);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_powm_ui (mpz_t r, const mpz_t b, unsigned long elimb, const mpz_t m)
+{
+ mpz_t e;
+ mpz_init_set_ui (e, elimb);
+ mpz_powm (r, b, e, m);
+ mpz_clear (e);
+}
+
+/* x=trunc(y^(1/z)), r=y-x^z */
+void
+mpz_rootrem (mpz_t x, mpz_t r, const mpz_t y, unsigned long z)
+{
+ int sgn;
+ mpz_t t, u;
+
+ sgn = y->_mp_size < 0;
+ if ((~z & sgn) != 0)
+ gmp_die ("mpz_rootrem: Negative argument, with even root.");
+ if (z == 0)
+ gmp_die ("mpz_rootrem: Zeroth root.");
+
+ if (mpz_cmpabs_ui (y, 1) <= 0) {
+ if (x)
+ mpz_set (x, y);
+ if (r)
+ r->_mp_size = 0;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ mpz_init (u);
+ {
+ mp_bitcnt_t tb;
+ tb = mpz_sizeinbase (y, 2) / z + 1;
+ mpz_init2 (t, tb);
+ mpz_setbit (t, tb);
+ }
+
+ if (z == 2) /* simplify sqrt loop: z-1 == 1 */
+ do {
+ mpz_swap (u, t); /* u = x */
+ mpz_tdiv_q (t, y, u); /* t = y/x */
+ mpz_add (t, t, u); /* t = y/x + x */
+ mpz_tdiv_q_2exp (t, t, 1); /* x'= (y/x + x)/2 */
+ } while (mpz_cmpabs (t, u) < 0); /* |x'| < |x| */
+ else /* z != 2 */ {
+ mpz_t v;
+
+ mpz_init (v);
+ if (sgn)
+ mpz_neg (t, t);
+
+ do {
+ mpz_swap (u, t); /* u = x */
+ mpz_pow_ui (t, u, z - 1); /* t = x^(z-1) */
+ mpz_tdiv_q (t, y, t); /* t = y/x^(z-1) */
+ mpz_mul_ui (v, u, z - 1); /* v = x*(z-1) */
+ mpz_add (t, t, v); /* t = y/x^(z-1) + x*(z-1) */
+ mpz_tdiv_q_ui (t, t, z); /* x'=(y/x^(z-1) + x*(z-1))/z */
+ } while (mpz_cmpabs (t, u) < 0); /* |x'| < |x| */
+
+ mpz_clear (v);
+ }
+
+ if (r) {
+ mpz_pow_ui (t, u, z);
+ mpz_sub (r, y, t);
+ }
+ if (x)
+ mpz_swap (x, u);
+ mpz_clear (u);
+ mpz_clear (t);
+}
+
+int
+mpz_root (mpz_t x, const mpz_t y, unsigned long z)
+{
+ int res;
+ mpz_t r;
+
+ mpz_init (r);
+ mpz_rootrem (x, r, y, z);
+ res = r->_mp_size == 0;
+ mpz_clear (r);
+
+ return res;
+}
+
+/* Compute s = floor(sqrt(u)) and r = u - s^2. Allows r == NULL */
+void
+mpz_sqrtrem (mpz_t s, mpz_t r, const mpz_t u)
+{
+ mpz_rootrem (s, r, u, 2);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_sqrt (mpz_t s, const mpz_t u)
+{
+ mpz_rootrem (s, NULL, u, 2);
+}
+
+int
+mpz_perfect_square_p (const mpz_t u)
+{
+ if (u->_mp_size <= 0)
+ return (u->_mp_size == 0);
+ else
+ return mpz_root (NULL, u, 2);
+}
+
+int
+mpn_perfect_square_p (mp_srcptr p, mp_size_t n)
+{
+ mpz_t t;
+
+ assert (n > 0);
+ assert (p [n-1] != 0);
+ return mpz_root (NULL, mpz_roinit_n (t, p, n), 2);
+}
+
+mp_size_t
+mpn_sqrtrem (mp_ptr sp, mp_ptr rp, mp_srcptr p, mp_size_t n)
+{
+ mpz_t s, r, u;
+ mp_size_t res;
+
+ assert (n > 0);
+ assert (p [n-1] != 0);
+
+ mpz_init (r);
+ mpz_init (s);
+ mpz_rootrem (s, r, mpz_roinit_n (u, p, n), 2);
+
+ assert (s->_mp_size == (n+1)/2);
+ mpn_copyd (sp, s->_mp_d, s->_mp_size);
+ mpz_clear (s);
+ res = r->_mp_size;
+ if (rp)
+ mpn_copyd (rp, r->_mp_d, res);
+ mpz_clear (r);
+ return res;
+}
+
+/* Combinatorics */
+
+void
+mpz_fac_ui (mpz_t x, unsigned long n)
+{
+ mpz_set_ui (x, n + (n == 0));
+ for (;n > 2;)
+ mpz_mul_ui (x, x, --n);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_bin_uiui (mpz_t r, unsigned long n, unsigned long k)
+{
+ mpz_t t;
+
+ mpz_set_ui (r, k <= n);
+
+ if (k > (n >> 1))
+ k = (k <= n) ? n - k : 0;
+
+ mpz_init (t);
+ mpz_fac_ui (t, k);
+
+ for (; k > 0; k--)
+ mpz_mul_ui (r, r, n--);
+
+ mpz_divexact (r, r, t);
+ mpz_clear (t);
+}
+
+
+/* Primality testing */
+static int
+gmp_millerrabin (const mpz_t n, const mpz_t nm1, mpz_t y,
+ const mpz_t q, mp_bitcnt_t k)
+{
+ assert (k > 0);
+
+ /* Caller must initialize y to the base. */
+ mpz_powm (y, y, q, n);
+
+ if (mpz_cmp_ui (y, 1) == 0 || mpz_cmp (y, nm1) == 0)
+ return 1;
+
+ while (--k > 0)
+ {
+ mpz_powm_ui (y, y, 2, n);
+ if (mpz_cmp (y, nm1) == 0)
+ return 1;
+ /* y == 1 means that the previous y was a non-trivial square root
+ of 1 (mod n). y == 0 means that n is a power of the base.
+ In either case, n is not prime. */
+ if (mpz_cmp_ui (y, 1) <= 0)
+ return 0;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* This product is 0xc0cfd797, and fits in 32 bits. */
+#define GMP_PRIME_PRODUCT \
+ (3UL*5UL*7UL*11UL*13UL*17UL*19UL*23UL*29UL)
+
+/* Bit (p+1)/2 is set, for each odd prime <= 61 */
+#define GMP_PRIME_MASK 0xc96996dcUL
+
+int
+mpz_probab_prime_p (const mpz_t n, int reps)
+{
+ mpz_t nm1;
+ mpz_t q;
+ mpz_t y;
+ mp_bitcnt_t k;
+ int is_prime;
+ int j;
+
+ /* Note that we use the absolute value of n only, for compatibility
+ with the real GMP. */
+ if (mpz_even_p (n))
+ return (mpz_cmpabs_ui (n, 2) == 0) ? 2 : 0;
+
+ /* Above test excludes n == 0 */
+ assert (n->_mp_size != 0);
+
+ if (mpz_cmpabs_ui (n, 64) < 0)
+ return (GMP_PRIME_MASK >> (n->_mp_d[0] >> 1)) & 2;
+
+ if (mpz_gcd_ui (NULL, n, GMP_PRIME_PRODUCT) != 1)
+ return 0;
+
+ /* All prime factors are >= 31. */
+ if (mpz_cmpabs_ui (n, 31*31) < 0)
+ return 2;
+
+ /* Use Miller-Rabin, with a deterministic sequence of bases, a[j] =
+ j^2 + j + 41 using Euler's polynomial. We potentially stop early,
+ if a[j] >= n - 1. Since n >= 31*31, this can happen only if reps >
+ 30 (a[30] == 971 > 31*31 == 961). */
+
+ mpz_init (nm1);
+ mpz_init (q);
+ mpz_init (y);
+
+ /* Find q and k, where q is odd and n = 1 + 2**k * q. */
+ nm1->_mp_size = mpz_abs_sub_ui (nm1, n, 1);
+ k = mpz_scan1 (nm1, 0);
+ mpz_tdiv_q_2exp (q, nm1, k);
+
+ for (j = 0, is_prime = 1; is_prime & (j < reps); j++)
+ {
+ mpz_set_ui (y, (unsigned long) j*j+j+41);
+ if (mpz_cmp (y, nm1) >= 0)
+ {
+ /* Don't try any further bases. This "early" break does not affect
+ the result for any reasonable reps value (<=5000 was tested) */
+ assert (j >= 30);
+ break;
+ }
+ is_prime = gmp_millerrabin (n, nm1, y, q, k);
+ }
+ mpz_clear (nm1);
+ mpz_clear (q);
+ mpz_clear (y);
+
+ return is_prime;
+}
+
+
+/* Logical operations and bit manipulation. */
+
+/* Numbers are treated as if represented in two's complement (and
+ infinitely sign extended). For a negative values we get the two's
+ complement from -x = ~x + 1, where ~ is bitwise complement.
+ Negation transforms
+
+ xxxx10...0
+
+ into
+
+ yyyy10...0
+
+ where yyyy is the bitwise complement of xxxx. So least significant
+ bits, up to and including the first one bit, are unchanged, and
+ the more significant bits are all complemented.
+
+ To change a bit from zero to one in a negative number, subtract the
+ corresponding power of two from the absolute value. This can never
+ underflow. To change a bit from one to zero, add the corresponding
+ power of two, and this might overflow. E.g., if x = -001111, the
+ two's complement is 110001. Clearing the least significant bit, we
+ get two's complement 110000, and -010000. */
+
+int
+mpz_tstbit (const mpz_t d, mp_bitcnt_t bit_index)
+{
+ mp_size_t limb_index;
+ unsigned shift;
+ mp_size_t ds;
+ mp_size_t dn;
+ mp_limb_t w;
+ int bit;
+
+ ds = d->_mp_size;
+ dn = GMP_ABS (ds);
+ limb_index = bit_index / GMP_LIMB_BITS;
+ if (limb_index >= dn)
+ return ds < 0;
+
+ shift = bit_index % GMP_LIMB_BITS;
+ w = d->_mp_d[limb_index];
+ bit = (w >> shift) & 1;
+
+ if (ds < 0)
+ {
+ /* d < 0. Check if any of the bits below is set: If so, our bit
+ must be complemented. */
+ if (shift > 0 && (w << (GMP_LIMB_BITS - shift)) > 0)
+ return bit ^ 1;
+ while (limb_index-- > 0)
+ if (d->_mp_d[limb_index] > 0)
+ return bit ^ 1;
+ }
+ return bit;
+}
+
+static void
+mpz_abs_add_bit (mpz_t d, mp_bitcnt_t bit_index)
+{
+ mp_size_t dn, limb_index;
+ mp_limb_t bit;
+ mp_ptr dp;
+
+ dn = GMP_ABS (d->_mp_size);
+
+ limb_index = bit_index / GMP_LIMB_BITS;
+ bit = (mp_limb_t) 1 << (bit_index % GMP_LIMB_BITS);
+
+ if (limb_index >= dn)
+ {
+ mp_size_t i;
+ /* The bit should be set outside of the end of the number.
+ We have to increase the size of the number. */
+ dp = MPZ_REALLOC (d, limb_index + 1);
+
+ dp[limb_index] = bit;
+ for (i = dn; i < limb_index; i++)
+ dp[i] = 0;
+ dn = limb_index + 1;
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ mp_limb_t cy;
+
+ dp = d->_mp_d;
+
+ cy = mpn_add_1 (dp + limb_index, dp + limb_index, dn - limb_index, bit);
+ if (cy > 0)
+ {
+ dp = MPZ_REALLOC (d, dn + 1);
+ dp[dn++] = cy;
+ }
+ }
+
+ d->_mp_size = (d->_mp_size < 0) ? - dn : dn;
+}
+
+static void
+mpz_abs_sub_bit (mpz_t d, mp_bitcnt_t bit_index)
+{
+ mp_size_t dn, limb_index;
+ mp_ptr dp;
+ mp_limb_t bit;
+
+ dn = GMP_ABS (d->_mp_size);
+ dp = d->_mp_d;
+
+ limb_index = bit_index / GMP_LIMB_BITS;
+ bit = (mp_limb_t) 1 << (bit_index % GMP_LIMB_BITS);
+
+ assert (limb_index < dn);
+
+ gmp_assert_nocarry (mpn_sub_1 (dp + limb_index, dp + limb_index,
+ dn - limb_index, bit));
+ dn = mpn_normalized_size (dp, dn);
+ d->_mp_size = (d->_mp_size < 0) ? - dn : dn;
+}
+
+void
+mpz_setbit (mpz_t d, mp_bitcnt_t bit_index)
+{
+ if (!mpz_tstbit (d, bit_index))
+ {
+ if (d->_mp_size >= 0)
+ mpz_abs_add_bit (d, bit_index);
+ else
+ mpz_abs_sub_bit (d, bit_index);
+ }
+}
+
+void
+mpz_clrbit (mpz_t d, mp_bitcnt_t bit_index)
+{
+ if (mpz_tstbit (d, bit_index))
+ {
+ if (d->_mp_size >= 0)
+ mpz_abs_sub_bit (d, bit_index);
+ else
+ mpz_abs_add_bit (d, bit_index);
+ }
+}
+
+void
+mpz_combit (mpz_t d, mp_bitcnt_t bit_index)
+{
+ if (mpz_tstbit (d, bit_index) ^ (d->_mp_size < 0))
+ mpz_abs_sub_bit (d, bit_index);
+ else
+ mpz_abs_add_bit (d, bit_index);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_com (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u)
+{
+ mpz_neg (r, u);
+ mpz_sub_ui (r, r, 1);
+}
+
+void
+mpz_and (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u, const mpz_t v)
+{
+ mp_size_t un, vn, rn, i;
+ mp_ptr up, vp, rp;
+
+ mp_limb_t ux, vx, rx;
+ mp_limb_t uc, vc, rc;
+ mp_limb_t ul, vl, rl;
+
+ un = GMP_ABS (u->_mp_size);
+ vn = GMP_ABS (v->_mp_size);
+ if (un < vn)
+ {
+ MPZ_SRCPTR_SWAP (u, v);
+ MP_SIZE_T_SWAP (un, vn);
+ }
+ if (vn == 0)
+ {
+ r->_mp_size = 0;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ uc = u->_mp_size < 0;
+ vc = v->_mp_size < 0;
+ rc = uc & vc;
+
+ ux = -uc;
+ vx = -vc;
+ rx = -rc;
+
+ /* If the smaller input is positive, higher limbs don't matter. */
+ rn = vx ? un : vn;
+
+ rp = MPZ_REALLOC (r, rn + rc);
+
+ up = u->_mp_d;
+ vp = v->_mp_d;
+
+ i = 0;
+ do
+ {
+ ul = (up[i] ^ ux) + uc;
+ uc = ul < uc;
+
+ vl = (vp[i] ^ vx) + vc;
+ vc = vl < vc;
+
+ rl = ( (ul & vl) ^ rx) + rc;
+ rc = rl < rc;
+ rp[i] = rl;
+ }
+ while (++i < vn);
+ assert (vc == 0);
+
+ for (; i < rn; i++)
+ {
+ ul = (up[i] ^ ux) + uc;
+ uc = ul < uc;
+
+ rl = ( (ul & vx) ^ rx) + rc;
+ rc = rl < rc;
+ rp[i] = rl;
+ }
+ if (rc)
+ rp[rn++] = rc;
+ else
+ rn = mpn_normalized_size (rp, rn);
+
+ r->_mp_size = rx ? -rn : rn;
+}
+
+void
+mpz_ior (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u, const mpz_t v)
+{
+ mp_size_t un, vn, rn, i;
+ mp_ptr up, vp, rp;
+
+ mp_limb_t ux, vx, rx;
+ mp_limb_t uc, vc, rc;
+ mp_limb_t ul, vl, rl;
+
+ un = GMP_ABS (u->_mp_size);
+ vn = GMP_ABS (v->_mp_size);
+ if (un < vn)
+ {
+ MPZ_SRCPTR_SWAP (u, v);
+ MP_SIZE_T_SWAP (un, vn);
+ }
+ if (vn == 0)
+ {
+ mpz_set (r, u);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ uc = u->_mp_size < 0;
+ vc = v->_mp_size < 0;
+ rc = uc | vc;
+
+ ux = -uc;
+ vx = -vc;
+ rx = -rc;
+
+ /* If the smaller input is negative, by sign extension higher limbs
+ don't matter. */
+ rn = vx ? vn : un;
+
+ rp = MPZ_REALLOC (r, rn + rc);
+
+ up = u->_mp_d;
+ vp = v->_mp_d;
+
+ i = 0;
+ do
+ {
+ ul = (up[i] ^ ux) + uc;
+ uc = ul < uc;
+
+ vl = (vp[i] ^ vx) + vc;
+ vc = vl < vc;
+
+ rl = ( (ul | vl) ^ rx) + rc;
+ rc = rl < rc;
+ rp[i] = rl;
+ }
+ while (++i < vn);
+ assert (vc == 0);
+
+ for (; i < rn; i++)
+ {
+ ul = (up[i] ^ ux) + uc;
+ uc = ul < uc;
+
+ rl = ( (ul | vx) ^ rx) + rc;
+ rc = rl < rc;
+ rp[i] = rl;
+ }
+ if (rc)
+ rp[rn++] = rc;
+ else
+ rn = mpn_normalized_size (rp, rn);
+
+ r->_mp_size = rx ? -rn : rn;
+}
+
+void
+mpz_xor (mpz_t r, const mpz_t u, const mpz_t v)
+{
+ mp_size_t un, vn, i;
+ mp_ptr up, vp, rp;
+
+ mp_limb_t ux, vx, rx;
+ mp_limb_t uc, vc, rc;
+ mp_limb_t ul, vl, rl;
+
+ un = GMP_ABS (u->_mp_size);
+ vn = GMP_ABS (v->_mp_size);
+ if (un < vn)
+ {
+ MPZ_SRCPTR_SWAP (u, v);
+ MP_SIZE_T_SWAP (un, vn);
+ }
+ if (vn == 0)
+ {
+ mpz_set (r, u);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ uc = u->_mp_size < 0;
+ vc = v->_mp_size < 0;
+ rc = uc ^ vc;
+
+ ux = -uc;
+ vx = -vc;
+ rx = -rc;
+
+ rp = MPZ_REALLOC (r, un + rc);
+
+ up = u->_mp_d;
+ vp = v->_mp_d;
+
+ i = 0;
+ do
+ {
+ ul = (up[i] ^ ux) + uc;
+ uc = ul < uc;
+
+ vl = (vp[i] ^ vx) + vc;
+ vc = vl < vc;
+
+ rl = (ul ^ vl ^ rx) + rc;
+ rc = rl < rc;
+ rp[i] = rl;
+ }
+ while (++i < vn);
+ assert (vc == 0);
+
+ for (; i < un; i++)
+ {
+ ul = (up[i] ^ ux) + uc;
+ uc = ul < uc;
+
+ rl = (ul ^ ux) + rc;
+ rc = rl < rc;
+ rp[i] = rl;
+ }
+ if (rc)
+ rp[un++] = rc;
+ else
+ un = mpn_normalized_size (rp, un);
+
+ r->_mp_size = rx ? -un : un;
+}
+
+static unsigned
+gmp_popcount_limb (mp_limb_t x)
+{
+ unsigned c;
+
+ /* Do 16 bits at a time, to avoid limb-sized constants. */
+ for (c = 0; x > 0; x >>= 16)
+ {
+ unsigned w = ((x >> 1) & 0x5555) + (x & 0x5555);
+ w = ((w >> 2) & 0x3333) + (w & 0x3333);
+ w = ((w >> 4) & 0x0f0f) + (w & 0x0f0f);
+ w = (w >> 8) + (w & 0x00ff);
+ c += w;
+ }
+ return c;
+}
+
+mp_bitcnt_t
+mpn_popcount (mp_srcptr p, mp_size_t n)
+{
+ mp_size_t i;
+ mp_bitcnt_t c;
+
+ for (c = 0, i = 0; i < n; i++)
+ c += gmp_popcount_limb (p[i]);
+
+ return c;
+}
+
+mp_bitcnt_t
+mpz_popcount (const mpz_t u)
+{
+ mp_size_t un;
+
+ un = u->_mp_size;
+
+ if (un < 0)
+ return ~(mp_bitcnt_t) 0;
+
+ return mpn_popcount (u->_mp_d, un);
+}
+
+mp_bitcnt_t
+mpz_hamdist (const mpz_t u, const mpz_t v)
+{
+ mp_size_t un, vn, i;
+ mp_limb_t uc, vc, ul, vl, comp;
+ mp_srcptr up, vp;
+ mp_bitcnt_t c;
+
+ un = u->_mp_size;
+ vn = v->_mp_size;
+
+ if ( (un ^ vn) < 0)
+ return ~(mp_bitcnt_t) 0;
+
+ comp = - (uc = vc = (un < 0));
+ if (uc)
+ {
+ assert (vn < 0);
+ un = -un;
+ vn = -vn;
+ }
+
+ up = u->_mp_d;
+ vp = v->_mp_d;
+
+ if (un < vn)
+ MPN_SRCPTR_SWAP (up, un, vp, vn);
+
+ for (i = 0, c = 0; i < vn; i++)
+ {
+ ul = (up[i] ^ comp) + uc;
+ uc = ul < uc;
+
+ vl = (vp[i] ^ comp) + vc;
+ vc = vl < vc;
+
+ c += gmp_popcount_limb (ul ^ vl);
+ }
+ assert (vc == 0);
+
+ for (; i < un; i++)
+ {
+ ul = (up[i] ^ comp) + uc;
+ uc = ul < uc;
+
+ c += gmp_popcount_limb (ul ^ comp);
+ }
+
+ return c;
+}
+
+mp_bitcnt_t
+mpz_scan1 (const mpz_t u, mp_bitcnt_t starting_bit)
+{
+ mp_ptr up;
+ mp_size_t us, un, i;
+ mp_limb_t limb, ux;
+
+ us = u->_mp_size;
+ un = GMP_ABS (us);
+ i = starting_bit / GMP_LIMB_BITS;
+
+ /* Past the end there's no 1 bits for u>=0, or an immediate 1 bit
+ for u<0. Notice this test picks up any u==0 too. */
+ if (i >= un)
+ return (us >= 0 ? ~(mp_bitcnt_t) 0 : starting_bit);
+
+ up = u->_mp_d;
+ ux = 0;
+ limb = up[i];
+
+ if (starting_bit != 0)
+ {
+ if (us < 0)
+ {
+ ux = mpn_zero_p (up, i);
+ limb = ~ limb + ux;
+ ux = - (mp_limb_t) (limb >= ux);
+ }
+
+ /* Mask to 0 all bits before starting_bit, thus ignoring them. */
+ limb &= (GMP_LIMB_MAX << (starting_bit % GMP_LIMB_BITS));
+ }
+
+ return mpn_common_scan (limb, i, up, un, ux);
+}
+
+mp_bitcnt_t
+mpz_scan0 (const mpz_t u, mp_bitcnt_t starting_bit)
+{
+ mp_ptr up;
+ mp_size_t us, un, i;
+ mp_limb_t limb, ux;
+
+ us = u->_mp_size;
+ ux = - (mp_limb_t) (us >= 0);
+ un = GMP_ABS (us);
+ i = starting_bit / GMP_LIMB_BITS;
+
+ /* When past end, there's an immediate 0 bit for u>=0, or no 0 bits for
+ u<0. Notice this test picks up all cases of u==0 too. */
+ if (i >= un)
+ return (ux ? starting_bit : ~(mp_bitcnt_t) 0);
+
+ up = u->_mp_d;
+ limb = up[i] ^ ux;
+
+ if (ux == 0)
+ limb -= mpn_zero_p (up, i); /* limb = ~(~limb + zero_p) */
+
+ /* Mask all bits before starting_bit, thus ignoring them. */
+ limb &= (GMP_LIMB_MAX << (starting_bit % GMP_LIMB_BITS));
+
+ return mpn_common_scan (limb, i, up, un, ux);
+}
+
+
+/* MPZ base conversion. */
+
+size_t
+mpz_sizeinbase (const mpz_t u, int base)
+{
+ mp_size_t un;
+ mp_srcptr up;
+ mp_ptr tp;
+ mp_bitcnt_t bits;
+ struct gmp_div_inverse bi;
+ size_t ndigits;
+
+ assert (base >= 2);
+ assert (base <= 36);
+
+ un = GMP_ABS (u->_mp_size);
+ if (un == 0)
+ return 1;
+
+ up = u->_mp_d;
+
+ bits = (un - 1) * GMP_LIMB_BITS + mpn_limb_size_in_base_2 (up[un-1]);
+ switch (base)
+ {
+ case 2:
+ return bits;
+ case 4:
+ return (bits + 1) / 2;
+ case 8:
+ return (bits + 2) / 3;
+ case 16:
+ return (bits + 3) / 4;
+ case 32:
+ return (bits + 4) / 5;
+ /* FIXME: Do something more clever for the common case of base
+ 10. */
+ }
+
+ tp = gmp_xalloc_limbs (un);
+ mpn_copyi (tp, up, un);
+ mpn_div_qr_1_invert (&bi, base);
+
+ ndigits = 0;
+ do
+ {
+ ndigits++;
+ mpn_div_qr_1_preinv (tp, tp, un, &bi);
+ un -= (tp[un-1] == 0);
+ }
+ while (un > 0);
+
+ gmp_free (tp);
+ return ndigits;
+}
+
+char *
+mpz_get_str (char *sp, int base, const mpz_t u)
+{
+ unsigned bits;
+ const char *digits;
+ mp_size_t un;
+ size_t i, sn;
+
+ if (base >= 0)
+ {
+ digits = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ base = -base;
+ digits = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
+ }
+ if (base <= 1)
+ base = 10;
+ if (base > 36)
+ return NULL;
+
+ sn = 1 + mpz_sizeinbase (u, base);
+ if (!sp)
+ sp = gmp_xalloc (1 + sn);
+
+ un = GMP_ABS (u->_mp_size);
+
+ if (un == 0)
+ {
+ sp[0] = '0';
+ sp[1] = '\0';
+ return sp;
+ }
+
+ i = 0;
+
+ if (u->_mp_size < 0)
+ sp[i++] = '-';
+
+ bits = mpn_base_power_of_two_p (base);
+
+ if (bits)
+ /* Not modified in this case. */
+ sn = i + mpn_get_str_bits ((unsigned char *) sp + i, bits, u->_mp_d, un);
+ else
+ {
+ struct mpn_base_info info;
+ mp_ptr tp;
+
+ mpn_get_base_info (&info, base);
+ tp = gmp_xalloc_limbs (un);
+ mpn_copyi (tp, u->_mp_d, un);
+
+ sn = i + mpn_get_str_other ((unsigned char *) sp + i, base, &info, tp, un);
+ gmp_free (tp);
+ }
+
+ for (; i < sn; i++)
+ sp[i] = digits[(unsigned char) sp[i]];
+
+ sp[sn] = '\0';
+ return sp;
+}
+
+int
+mpz_set_str (mpz_t r, const char *sp, int base)
+{
+ unsigned bits;
+ mp_size_t rn, alloc;
+ mp_ptr rp;
+ size_t sn;
+ int sign;
+ unsigned char *dp;
+
+ assert (base == 0 || (base >= 2 && base <= 36));
+
+ while (isspace( (unsigned char) *sp))
+ sp++;
+
+ sign = (*sp == '-');
+ sp += sign;
+
+ if (base == 0)
+ {
+ if (*sp == '0')
+ {
+ sp++;
+ if (*sp == 'x' || *sp == 'X')
+ {
+ base = 16;
+ sp++;
+ }
+ else if (*sp == 'b' || *sp == 'B')
+ {
+ base = 2;
+ sp++;
+ }
+ else
+ base = 8;
+ }
+ else
+ base = 10;
+ }
+
+ sn = strlen (sp);
+ dp = gmp_xalloc (sn + (sn == 0));
+
+ for (sn = 0; *sp; sp++)
+ {
+ unsigned digit;
+
+ if (isspace ((unsigned char) *sp))
+ continue;
+ if (*sp >= '0' && *sp <= '9')
+ digit = *sp - '0';
+ else if (*sp >= 'a' && *sp <= 'z')
+ digit = *sp - 'a' + 10;
+ else if (*sp >= 'A' && *sp <= 'Z')
+ digit = *sp - 'A' + 10;
+ else
+ digit = base; /* fail */
+
+ if (digit >= base)
+ {
+ gmp_free (dp);
+ r->_mp_size = 0;
+ return -1;
+ }
+
+ dp[sn++] = digit;
+ }
+
+ bits = mpn_base_power_of_two_p (base);
+
+ if (bits > 0)
+ {
+ alloc = (sn * bits + GMP_LIMB_BITS - 1) / GMP_LIMB_BITS;
+ rp = MPZ_REALLOC (r, alloc);
+ rn = mpn_set_str_bits (rp, dp, sn, bits);
+ }
+ else
+ {
+ struct mpn_base_info info;
+ mpn_get_base_info (&info, base);
+ alloc = (sn + info.exp - 1) / info.exp;
+ rp = MPZ_REALLOC (r, alloc);
+ rn = mpn_set_str_other (rp, dp, sn, base, &info);
+ }
+ assert (rn <= alloc);
+ gmp_free (dp);
+
+ r->_mp_size = sign ? - rn : rn;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int
+mpz_init_set_str (mpz_t r, const char *sp, int base)
+{
+ mpz_init (r);
+ return mpz_set_str (r, sp, base);
+}
+
+size_t
+mpz_out_str (FILE *stream, int base, const mpz_t x)
+{
+ char *str;
+ size_t len;
+
+ str = mpz_get_str (NULL, base, x);
+ len = strlen (str);
+ len = fwrite (str, 1, len, stream);
+ gmp_free (str);
+ return len;
+}
+
+
+static int
+gmp_detect_endian (void)
+{
+ static const int i = 2;
+ const unsigned char *p = (const unsigned char *) &i;
+ return 1 - *p;
+}
+
+/* Import and export. Does not support nails. */
+void
+mpz_import (mpz_t r, size_t count, int order, size_t size, int endian,
+ size_t nails, const void *src)
+{
+ const unsigned char *p;
+ ptrdiff_t word_step;
+ mp_ptr rp;
+ mp_size_t rn;
+
+ /* The current (partial) limb. */
+ mp_limb_t limb;
+ /* The number of bytes already copied to this limb (starting from
+ the low end). */
+ size_t bytes;
+ /* The index where the limb should be stored, when completed. */
+ mp_size_t i;
+
+ if (nails != 0)
+ gmp_die ("mpz_import: Nails not supported.");
+
+ assert (order == 1 || order == -1);
+ assert (endian >= -1 && endian <= 1);
+
+ if (endian == 0)
+ endian = gmp_detect_endian ();
+
+ p = (unsigned char *) src;
+
+ word_step = (order != endian) ? 2 * size : 0;
+
+ /* Process bytes from the least significant end, so point p at the
+ least significant word. */
+ if (order == 1)
+ {
+ p += size * (count - 1);
+ word_step = - word_step;
+ }
+
+ /* And at least significant byte of that word. */
+ if (endian == 1)
+ p += (size - 1);
+
+ rn = (size * count + sizeof(mp_limb_t) - 1) / sizeof(mp_limb_t);
+ rp = MPZ_REALLOC (r, rn);
+
+ for (limb = 0, bytes = 0, i = 0; count > 0; count--, p += word_step)
+ {
+ size_t j;
+ for (j = 0; j < size; j++, p -= (ptrdiff_t) endian)
+ {
+ limb |= (mp_limb_t) *p << (bytes++ * CHAR_BIT);
+ if (bytes == sizeof(mp_limb_t))
+ {
+ rp[i++] = limb;
+ bytes = 0;
+ limb = 0;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ assert (i + (bytes > 0) == rn);
+ if (limb != 0)
+ rp[i++] = limb;
+ else
+ i = mpn_normalized_size (rp, i);
+
+ r->_mp_size = i;
+}
+
+void *
+mpz_export (void *r, size_t *countp, int order, size_t size, int endian,
+ size_t nails, const mpz_t u)
+{
+ size_t count;
+ mp_size_t un;
+
+ if (nails != 0)
+ gmp_die ("mpz_import: Nails not supported.");
+
+ assert (order == 1 || order == -1);
+ assert (endian >= -1 && endian <= 1);
+ assert (size > 0 || u->_mp_size == 0);
+
+ un = u->_mp_size;
+ count = 0;
+ if (un != 0)
+ {
+ size_t k;
+ unsigned char *p;
+ ptrdiff_t word_step;
+ /* The current (partial) limb. */
+ mp_limb_t limb;
+ /* The number of bytes left to to in this limb. */
+ size_t bytes;
+ /* The index where the limb was read. */
+ mp_size_t i;
+
+ un = GMP_ABS (un);
+
+ /* Count bytes in top limb. */
+ limb = u->_mp_d[un-1];
+ assert (limb != 0);
+
+ k = 0;
+ do {
+ k++; limb >>= CHAR_BIT;
+ } while (limb != 0);
+
+ count = (k + (un-1) * sizeof (mp_limb_t) + size - 1) / size;
+
+ if (!r)
+ r = gmp_xalloc (count * size);
+
+ if (endian == 0)
+ endian = gmp_detect_endian ();
+
+ p = (unsigned char *) r;
+
+ word_step = (order != endian) ? 2 * size : 0;
+
+ /* Process bytes from the least significant end, so point p at the
+ least significant word. */
+ if (order == 1)
+ {
+ p += size * (count - 1);
+ word_step = - word_step;
+ }
+
+ /* And at least significant byte of that word. */
+ if (endian == 1)
+ p += (size - 1);
+
+ for (bytes = 0, i = 0, k = 0; k < count; k++, p += word_step)
+ {
+ size_t j;
+ for (j = 0; j < size; j++, p -= (ptrdiff_t) endian)
+ {
+ if (bytes == 0)
+ {
+ if (i < un)
+ limb = u->_mp_d[i++];
+ bytes = sizeof (mp_limb_t);
+ }
+ *p = limb;
+ limb >>= CHAR_BIT;
+ bytes--;
+ }
+ }
+ assert (i == un);
+ assert (k == count);
+ }
+
+ if (countp)
+ *countp = count;
+
+ return r;
+}
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink